CH12-Eye Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
sclera
A
outer protective layer of the eye; the portion seen on the anterior portion of the eyeball is referred to as the white of the eye
2
Q
cornea
A
transparent anterior part of the sclera, which is anterior to aqueous humor and lies over the iris. it allows the light rays to enter the eye
3
Q
choroid
A
middle layer of the eye, which is interlaced with many blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye
4
Q
retina
A
innermost layer of the eye, which contains the vision receptors
5
Q
aqueous humor
A
watery liquid found in the anterior cavity of the eye. it provides nourishment to nearby structures and maintains shape in the anterior part of the eye
6
Q
vitreous humor
A
jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape
7
Q
meibomian glands
A
oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelids that help lubricate the eye
8
Q
lacrimal apparatus
A
network of glands, ducts, canals, and sacs that produce and drain tears
9
Q
conjunctiva
A
mucous membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior portion of the sclera
10
Q
blepharo
A
eyelid
11
Q
coro
A
pupil
12
Q
dacryo
A
tears
13
Q
oculo
A
eye
14
Q
opto
A
vision
15
Q
cryo
A
cold
16
Q
cysto
A
bladder
17
Q
iso
A
equal
18
Q
tono
A
tension, pressure
19
Q
opia
A
vision (condition)
20
Q
plegia
A
paralysis
21
Q
aphakia
A
condition of without a lens (may be congenital, though often is the result of extraction of a cataract without the placement of an intraocular lens)
22
Q
blepharitis
A
inflammation of the eyelid
23
Q
blepharoptosis
A
dropping of the eyelid
24
Q
conjunctivitis
A
inflammation of the conjunctiva (pinkeye)
25
dacryocystitis
inflammation of the tear (lacrimal) sac
26
diplopia
double vision
27
endophthalmitis
inflammation within the eye
28
iridoplegia
paralysis of the iris
29
iritis
inflammation of the iris
30
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
31
keratomalacia
softening of the cornea (usually a bilateral condition associated with vitamin A deficiency)
32
leukocoria
condition of white pupil
33
oculomycosis
abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus
34
opthalmalgia
pain in the eye
35
opthalmoplegia
paralysis of the eye (muscle)
36
phacomalacia
softening of the lens
37
photophobia
abnormal fear of (sensitivity to) light
38
retinoblastoma
tumor arising from a developing retinal cell
39
retinopathy
(any noninflammatory) disease of the retina
40
scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
41
scleromalacia
softening of the sclera
42
xerophthalmia
condition of dry eye (conjunctiva and cornea)
43
amblyopia
reduced vision in one eye caused by disuse or misuse associated with strabismus, unequal refractive errors, or otherwise impaired vision
44
anisometropia
significant unequal refractive error between two eyes
45
astigmatism (Ast)
blurred vision caused by irregular curvature of the cornea or lens. light refracts improperly, resulting in diffused, rather than points of light focusing on the retina
46
cataract
clouding of the lens of the eye
47
chalazion
non-infected obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid
48
drusen
yellowish deposits located under the retina; commonly associated with aging and macular degeneration
49
glaucoma
eye disorder characterized by increase of intraocular pressure (IOP). if left untreated may progress to optic nerve damage and visual impairment or loss
50
hyperopia
farsightedness
51
hyphema
hemorrhage within the anterior chamber of the eye; most often caused by blunt trauma
52
macular degeneration
progressive deterioration of the portion of the retina called the macula, resulting in loss of central vision
53
myopia
nearsightedness
54
nyctalopia
poor vision at night or in faint light
55
nystagmus
involuntary, jerking movement of the eyes
56
pinguecula
yellowish mass on the conjunctiva that may be related to long-term exposure to ultraviolet light, dry climates, and dust. a pinguecula that spreads onto the cornea becomes a pterygium.
57
presbyopia
impaired vision as a result of aging
58
pterygium
thin tissue growing onto the cornea from the conjunctiva, usually caused by sun exposure
59
retinal detachment
separation of the retina from the choroid in back of the eye
60
retinitis pigmentosa
hereditary, progressive disease marked by night blindness with atrophy and retinal pigment changes
61
strabismus
condition in which the eyes look in different directions; caused by dysfunction of the external eye muscles or an uncorrected refractive error
62
sty
infection of an oil gland of the eyelid
63
blepharoplasty
surgical repair of the eyelid
64
cryoretinopexy
surgical fixation of the retina by using extreme cold (CO2)
65
dacryocystorhinostomy
creation an artificial opening between the tear (lacrimal) sac and the nose (to restore drainage into the nose when the nasolacrimal duct is obstructed or obliterated)
66
dacryocystotomy
incision into the tear (lacrimal) sac
67
iridectomy
excision of the iris
68
iridotomy
incision into the iris
69
keratoplasty
surgical repair of the cornea
70
sclerotomy
incision into the sclera
71
enucleation
surgical removal of the eyeball
72
phacoemulsification (PHACO)
method to remove cataracts in which an ultrasonic needle probe breaks up the lens, which is then aspirated
73
photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
procedure for the treatment of astigmatism, hyperopia, and myopia in which an excimer laser is used to reshape (flatten) the corneal surface by removing a portion of the cornea
74
retinal photocoagulation
intense beam of light from laser condenses retinal tissue to seal leaking blood vessels, to destroy abnormal tissue or lesions, or to bond the retina to the back of the eye
75
scleral buckling
procedure to repair retinal detachment
76
trabeculectomy
surgical creation of an opening that allows aqueous humor to drain out of the eye to underneath the conjunctive where it is absorbed; used to treat glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure
77
vitrectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the vitreous humor
78
fluorescein angiography
radiographic imaging of blood vessels
79
keratometer
instrument used to measure the curvature of the cornea
80
ophthalmoscope
instrument used for visual examination (of the interior) of the eye
81
optometry
measurement of vision (also eye and visual processing system)
82
pupillometer
instrument used to measure (the diameter of) the pupil
83
reinoscopy
visual examination of the retina
84
tonometer
instrument used to measure pressure
85
anisocoria
condition of absence of equal pupil size
86
binocular
pertaining to two or both eyes
87
corneal
pertaining to the cornea
88
intraocular
pertaining to within the eye
89
isocoria
condition of equal pupil size
90
lacrimal
pertaining to tears
91
nasolacrimal
pertaining to the nose and tear ducts
92
ophthalmic
pertaining to the eye
93
retinal
pertaining to the retina
94
emmetropia
normal refractive condition of the eye
95
intraocular lens (IOL)
artificial lens implanted within the eye during cataract surgery
96
miotic
agent that constricts the pupil
97
mydriatic
agent that dilated the pupil
98
optician
specialist who fills prescriptions for lenses
99
optometrist
health professional who diagnoses, treats, and manages diseases and disorders of the eyes and visual system
100
visual acuity (VA)
sharpness of vision for either distance or near
