CH13-Ear

Question 1

auricle

Answer 1

external, visible part of the ear located on both sides of the head; directs sound waves into the external auditory canal. (also called pinna)

Question 2

external auditory canal

Answer 2

short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane. The inner part lies within the temporal bone of the
skull and contains the glands that secrete earwax (cerumen). (also called external auditory meatus)

Question 3

middle ear

Answer 3

consists of the tympanic membrane and the tympanic cavity containing the ossicles

Question 4

tympanic membrane

Answer 4

semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory canal and the middle ear cavity. The
tympanic membrane transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles. (also called eardrum)

Question 5

ossicles

Answer 5

bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations. The ossicles are composed of the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). The stapes connects to the oval window, which transmits
the sound vibrations to the cochlea of the inner ear.

Question 6

eustachian tube

Answer 6

passage between the middle ear and the pharynx; equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic
membrane

Question 7

inner ear

Answer 7

consists of the labyrinth and connectors of the vestibular and the cochlear nerves

Question 8

labyrinth

Answer 8

bony spaces within the temporal bone of the skull made up of three distinct parts, the cochlea, the semicircular canals, and the vestibule. The cochlea facilitates hearing. The semicircular canals and the vestibule facilitate equilibrium and balance

Question 9

cochlea

Answer 9

coiled portion of the inner ear containing the sensory organ for hearing; connects to the oval window in the middle ear

Question 10

semicircular canals and vestibule

Answer 10

sensory organs of balance; contain receptors and endolymph that provide sensory information about the body’s position to maintain equilibrium

Question 11

mastoid bone

Answer 11

portion of the temporal bone of the skull posterior and inferior to each auditory canal; contains mastoid air cells that drain into the middle ear cavity behind the external auditory canal. (also called mastoid process)

Question 12

myringo

Answer 12

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Question 13

tympano

Answer 13

middle ear

Question 14

vestibulo

Answer 14

vestibule

Question 15

labyrinthitis

Answer 15

inflammation of the labyrinth

Question 16

mastoiditis

Answer 16

inflammation of the mastoid bone

Question 17

myringitis

Answer 17

inflammation of the tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Question 18

otalgia

Answer 18

pain in the ear

Question 19

otomastoiditis

Answer 19

inflammation of the ear and the mastoid bone

Question 20

otomycosis

Answer 20

abnormal condition of fungus in the ear (usually affects the external auditory canal)

Question 21

otopyorrhea

Answer 21

discharge of pus from the ear

Question 22

otorrhea

Answer 22

discharge from the ear (serous, bloody, pus, or cerebrospinal fluid)

Question 23

otosclerosis

Answer 23

hardening of the ear (stapes) caused y irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss

Question 24

acoustic neuroma

Answer 24

benign tumor within the internal auditory canal growing from the acoustic nerve (cochlear branch of the
vestibulocochlear nerve); may cause hearing loss and may damage structures of the cerebellum as it
grows

Question 25

cholesteatoma

Answer 25

cystlike mass composed of epithelial cells and cholesterol occurring in the middle ear; may be associated with chronic otitis media

Question 26

meniere disease

Answer 26

chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by a sensation of spinning motion (vertigo), ringing in the ear (tinnitus), aural fullness, and fluctuating hearing loss; symptoms are related to a change in volume or composition of fluid within the labyrinth

Question 27

otitis externa

Answer 27

inflammation of the outer ear

Question 28

otitis media (OM)

Answer 28

inflammation of the middle ear

Question 29

presbycusis

Answer 29

hearing impairment occurring with age

Question 30

vertigo

Answer 30

sense that either one's own body or the environment is revolving may indicate inner ear disease

Question 31

cochlear implant

Answer 31

pertaining to the cochlea implant (surgically inserted electronic device that converts sound into electrical impulses. The impulses stimulate the auditory nerve to carry the signal to the brain which learns to interpret the signal as sound. The damaged part of the ear is bypassed.)

Question 32

labyrinthectomy

Answer 32

excision of the labyrinth

Question 33

mastoidectomy

Answer 33

excision of the mastoid bone

Question 34

mastoidotomy

Answer 34

incision of the mastoid bone

Question 35

myringoplasty

Answer 35

surgical repair of the tympanic membrane

Question 36

myringotomy

Answer 36

incision into the tympanic membrane (performed to relieve pressure in the middle ear by releasing pus or fluid and for the placement of tubes)

Question 37

stapedectomy

Answer 37

excision of the stapes (performed to restore hearing in cases of otosclerosis; the stapes is replaced by a prosthesis)

Question 38

tympanoplasty

Answer 38

surgical repair (of the hearing mechanism) or the middle ear (including the tympanic membrane and the ossicles)

Question 39

electrocochleography

Answer 39

process of recording the electrical activity in the cochlea in response to sound

Question 40

otoscope

Answer 40

instrument used for visual examination of the ear

Question 41

tympanometer

Answer 41

instrument used to measure middle ear function

Question 42

tympanometry

Answer 42

measurement of middle ear function

Question 43

aural

Answer 43

pertaining to the ear

Question 44

otolaryngologist

Answer 44

physician who studies and treats disease of the ear, nose, and larynx (throat)

Question 45

vestibular

Answer 45

pertaining to the vestibule

Question 46

vestibulocochlear

Answer 46

pertaining to the vestibule and the cochlea

Question 47

AOM

Answer 47

acute otitis media

Question 48

ENT

Answer 48

ears, nose, throat

Question 49

HOH

Answer 49

hard of hearing

Question 50

OM

Answer 50

otitis media