ch.15&16 dev psyc Flashcards
1.What two changes in the eye cause difficulty in reading small print?
- Poor vision
2. A decline in color discrimination
Define presbyopia
If reimagination is desired remember pray
(loss of the accommodative ability of the lens)
inability to adjust focus to varying distances. Reduced vision in dim light, increased sensitivity to glare and diminished color discrimination. Risk of glaucoma increases.
Pupil shrinks lens yellow, (Due to lens getting thicker)
Define glaucoma including cause, consequences and group most affected
Define glaucoma: disease in which poor fluid drainage leads to a buildup of pressure within the eye,
consequences: Damaging the optic nerve
Group most affected: African Americans and Hispanics more women than men
Most affects 2% over the age of 40
Define: presbycusis. What frequencies of sound are first affected?
What evidence is there that hearing loss if affected by factors other than biological aging?
Old hearing
Define presbycusis: loss of the ability to hear sounds and frequency ( old hearing)
Affected: Decline in sensitive to high frequency
Factors other than biological: Inner ear structures deteriorate through natural cell death or reduced blood supply caused by atherosclerosis.
(gender : men show earlier, more rapid decline)
What two factors help maintain a steady, healthy weight and adjust for age-related decline in basal metabolic rate? Define: basal metabolic rate (see page 438).
Two factors: Low-fat diet, exercise especially resistance training
Define basal metabolic rate: amount of energy the body uses at complete rest
What environmental factor contributes to premature aging of skin?
Crows feet, forhead,
Sun exposure
What factors can slow bone loss in postmenopausal women?
Factors: Health lifestyle, weight bearing exercise, calcium and vit D,
avoid smoking and heavy alcohol intake.
Define menopause. What is the average age that women in North America reach menopause?
Define menopause: The cessation of menstruation and reproductive capacity
Age: Occurs, on average, around early 50s
What is hormone therapy? For what two reasons is it used? What are benefits and risks of hormone therapy for women reaching menopausal age? What is risk of Alzheimer’s disease for those 65-79 years of age?
Hormone therapy low daily doses of estrogen to reduce physical symptoms of menopause
Two reasons:
1.Reduce hot flashes
2. Protect against bone loss
Risks:
Heart attack, cancer gallbladder disease, alzhiemers
14.What is meant by sandwich generation? When an aging parent’s spouse cannot provide care , who is most likely to do so? What are consequences of parental caregiving in terms of stress, emotional and health consequences? In which cultures is caregiver involvement generally higher?
The sandwich gen: taking care of a parent
When aging: daughter or daughter in law
Health consequences: emotional strain of witnessing parent’s
Those sharing households
Culture higher:
What is the glass ceiling? What reasons does book give for this phenomenon?
Glass ceiling: invisible barrier to career advancement for women and minorities
