taste

Question 1

Papillae

Answer 1

Bumps on tongue that contains taste buds

Question 2

Filiform papillae

Answer 2

are cone-shaped and give a rough appearance

Question 3

Fungiform papillae

Answer 3

are mushroom-shaped and cover the tip and sides of the tongue

Question 4

Anatomy of the taste bud

Answer 4

All papillae, except the filiform papillae, contain taste buds

Taste buds are effectively “taste cells” which create and maintain a taste pore, and then sends information via an afferent nerve

Question 5

Taste Pathway from the PNS (taste buds) to the CNS(brain)
hint: foxes need great noses vultures never
ouch Terry got caught

Answer 5

1st Facial nerve
2nd Glossopharyngeal nerve
3rd vagus nerve

This is the only system that uses more than one facial nerve.

Information will go to thalamus (like pain), ultimately sent to the gustatory cortex (last step in this pathway).

Question 6

Basis of spice

Answer 6

Although there are no receptors for “spiciness”, we can still “taste” it.
In reality, the spicy food is interacting with thermoreceptors on our tongues (similar to receptors on our skin) and perceiving heat.
TRPV1 receptor picks up on spiciness. The TRPV1 receptor is responsible for sensing heat and pain (nociception).

Question 7

Basis of super tasting

Answer 7

To test for “supertaster” abilities, a very faint amount of a very bitter substance was put on paper. Most did not notice anything, supertasters picked up on the bitter taste.
The people who were more sensitive to different tastes had more fungiform papillae.
There ARE anatomical differences between people with different taste capabilities.

Question 8

Taste in infants

Answer 8

Infants have very sensitive taste buds

Tests with infants use their facial expressions to determine if the infants find a taste to be good or bad.

Good taste = hedonic

Bad taste = aversive

Minimal learning is necessary to interpret taste.

Infants being hypersensitive to tastes is adaptive because it allows them to decipher what is and is not safe to eat. Infants and children do not like bitter tastes which are often dangerous in nature. Whereas sweet tastes are usually safe in nature, and young humans adore it.

Question 9

afferent nerve

Answer 9

Are sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain.

Question 10

Efferent neurons

Answer 10

Are motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous system and towards muscles to cause movement