Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Meat Science > Ch.2 > Flashcards

Ch.2 Flashcards

1
Q

3 components of carcass

A

Muscle
Bone
Fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Skeletal muscle is how much of carcass weight

A

35-65%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of muscle has a striated banding pattern

A

Skeletal muscle

Transverse banding pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Blood vessels and intestines

Involuntary

A

Smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Striated

Involuntary

A

Cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What muscle is attached directly or indirectly to bones by ligaments, fascia, cartilage, skin

A

Skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Skeletal muscle specialized for:

A

Shapes, sizes, and characteristics based on functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Connective tissue sheath

A

Epimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Extends into the interior of the muscle

A

Perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nerve fibers and blood vessels enter and exit muscle through what connective tissues

A

Epimysium and perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Muscle fiber=myofiber=muscle cell

A

Make up 79-92% total muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Remaking muscle volume

A

Connective tissue
Blood vessels
Nerve fibers
Extra cellular fluid (outside muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mammalian and again muscle fibers

A 
Long
Threadlike 
Multinucleated 
Unbranched
Taper on each end
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cell membrane surrounding a muscle fiber

A

Sarcolemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sarcolema is composed of

A

Protein and lipid
Bilayer phospholipid cell membrane
Cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Elastic and can endure great distortion during contraction, relaxation, and stretching

A

Sarcolema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Invaginations of the sarcolemma

A

Transverse tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Myoneural junction

A

Termination of motor nerve fiber endings on sarcolemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Motor end plate

A

Small raised mound on the muscle formed by structures on the myoneural junction junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Special to muscles
Cytoplasm of muscle cells
Contains organelles and inclusions
Made mostly of water

A

Sarcoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Multinucleated
# of nuclei related to fiber length
Nuclei higher in the vicinity of motor end plate and tendinous attachment

A

Skeletal muscle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mammalian myofibers

A

Nuclei beneath sarcolemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ellipsodial shape and long axis parallel to fiber

A

Nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q 
Organelle unique to muscle tissue 
Long thin rods
Long axis parallel to muscle fiber
Extend length of muscle 
Bathed in sarcoplasm
A

Myofibril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Two filaments in myofibrils
Thick and thin myofilaments
26
Thick myofilament
Myosin
27
Thin myofilaments
F-actin
28
Thick filament surrounded by how many thin filaments
6
29
Singly refractive when viewed with polarized light | Isotropic
I-band
30
Double refractive Anisotropic Dense
A-band
31
Isotropic Thin filament Actin only
I band
32
Anisotropic Thick filaments Myosin and actin
A band
33
Proteins holding the myofilaments in 3 dimensional array | Actin filament
Z disk
34
Extends from z line to z line | Contracting unit
Sarcomere
35
Myofibril within 2 z disks Repeating structural unit Contractile unit
Sarcomere
36
H band contains
Myosin
37
Myosin | Constitute a band of sarcomere
Thick filament
38
Constitute I band of sarcomere Actin filaments Extend into a band
Thin filaments
39
Actin filaments connect to how many z filaments
4
40
How many proteins associated with myofibril
20
41
6 proteins of total myofibrillar protein
``` Myosin Actin Titin Tropomyosin Troponin Nebulin ```
42
Actin and myosin
Contractile
43
Tropomyosin and troponin
Regulatory | Regulate actin and myosin
44
Titin and nebulin
Cytoskeketal
45
20% myofibrillar proteins
Actin
46
Globular (spherical) | Monomeric form actin
G-actin
47
Fibrous actin | Pearl necklace
F-actin
48
Long fibrous protein 45% myofibrillar protein Elongated rod shape
Myosin
49
Myosin heads functionally active surges of thick filaments form
Cross bridges with actin filaments
50
Myosin heads attach to g-actin molecules
Muscle contraction
51
5% myofibrillar protein In the groove Close contact with actin
Tropomyosin
52
5% myofibrillar protein Troponin complex Three blocking proteins
Troponin
53
Most active protein
Myosin
54
Largest protein Most abundant Binds to the outside shaft of thick filaments and protein (c protein)
Titin
55
May anchor actin to z disk | Extends longitudinally along entire thin filament
Nebulin
56
7 bands encircle thick filament on both sides of H zone
C protein
57
Endoplasmic reticulum equivalent of other cells | Membranous system of rubles and cisternae
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
58
Relatively thin tubules Form a fenestrated collar Form terminal cisternae Longitudinal tubules extend both directions
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
59
Run transversely across sarcomere A-I band junction Encircles myofibril
T tubules
60
Oblong organelles located in sarcoplasm Powerhouse of cell Capture energy
Mitochondria
61
Small vesicles in sarcoplasm Contain enzymes Cathepsins
Lysosomes
62
Near nuclei | Located in sarcoplasm
Golgi complex
63
Walls of arteries and lymph vessels Reproductive tract Communication
Smooth muscle
64
Rhythmic contractile Centrally located nucleus Contains glycogen granules Mitochondria are large and numerous
Cardiac muscle
65
SR less developed | Not organized
Cardiac muscle
66
Transect the fiber Provides link among fibers of myocardium Facilitate contractile force
Intercalated disks
67
Molecular, biochemical,morphological events occur during muscle fibers Hormone control
Myogenesis
68
Muscle precursor cells
Myoblasts
69
Myoblasts fuse and donate nuclei to single immature muscle fiber
Myotubes
70
Contributes least out of tissue types Forms lining covers the surface of the body and organs Classified by cell shape and number
Epithelial tissues
71
Protection, secretion, excretion, transport, absorption, sense perception
Epithelial tissues
72
central nervous system
Central consists of brain and spinal cord
73
Peripheral
Nerve fibers in other parts of the body
74
BSE
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
75
Bulk of nervous tissue | Consists of polyhedral shaped cells and long cylindrical structure called axon
Neuron
76
Encased within neuron
Neuroplasm (cytoplasm)
77
Branched structures that radiate from a centrally placed nucleus within neuroplasm
Dendrites
78
Groups of neuronal axons
Nerve fibers
79
Groups of fibers
Nerve trunks
80
Nerve impulse
Depolarization of cell membrane
81
Formed when an axon ending of one cell interdigItatesnwith dendrite of another cell
Synapses
82
Large fibers enveloped in myelin sheaths | Small fibers devoid myelin sheath
Schwan cells
83
Serves as barrier against infective agents and important in wound healing
Connective tissue
84
Specialized connective tissue of fat storage cells
Adipose tissue
85
Structureless mass called ground substance plus embedded cell dabs extra cellular fibers
Collagen and elastin
86
Most abundant tissue in body
Connective tissue
87
Protein attached to a sugar
Glycoproteins
88
Large molecules composed of core protein with attached glucosaminoglycans
Proteoglycans
89
Collagen
Tropocollagen
90
Elastin
Tropoelastin
91
Hyaluronic acid and chondrotin sulfates
Lubricate intercellular cementing substances and structural matter
92
Dense irregular connective tissue
Fibers are densely interwoven but in random arrangement
93
Dense regular connective tissue
Fibers arranged in bundles parallel to each other
94
Most abundant protein in body
Collagen
95
Most abundant amino acid in collagen and compose 33% of amino acid
Glycine
96
Another 33% of amino acids
Hydroxyproline and proline
97
Structural unit of collagen fibril
Tropocollagen
98
Less abundant connective tissue protein
Elastin
99
Rubbery protein
Elastin
100
Large cable like strand of elastin fibers
Cervical ligament | Ligamentum nuchae
101
HRI
Hotels, restaurants, institutions

Meat Science (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions