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Old Exams Flashcards

1
Q

Connective tissue that connects bone to bone.

A

Ligament

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2
Q

Connective tissue that surrounds the muscle Cell

A

Endomysium

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3
Q

Connective tissue that surrounds the muscle

A

Epimysium

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4
Q

Connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

A

Tendon

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5
Q

Connective tissue that surrounds muscle bundles

A

Endomysium

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6
Q

Considered the contractile unit of striated muscle

A

sarcomere

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7
Q

Muscle cell

A

myofiber

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8
Q

Muscle cell membrane

A

sarcolemma

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9
Q

Organelle unique to muscle tissure

A

myofibril

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10
Q

Composed of thick and thin filaments

A

myofilament

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11
Q

In terms of contractile proteins, the H zone contains

A

myosin and actin

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12
Q

In terms of contractile proteins, the A Band contains

A

Only myosin

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13
Q

In terms of contractile proteins the I band contains

A

only actin

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14
Q

List two muscle contractile proteins

A

Myosin and Actin

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15
Q

List two muscle regulatory proteins

A

troponin and tropomyosin

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16
Q

List three muscle cytoskeleton proteins

A

Titin, Nebulin, and C protein

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17
Q

List four major nutrients found in muscle, that meat is considered a good source.

A

Protein, Iron, Vitamin B, Zinc

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18
Q

Explain how striated muscle cells become multi-nucleated.

A

Cell fuse together and overlap to become muscle fiber and in a muscle they become multi - nucleated.

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19
Q

What is the cervical ligament composed of that makes it so elastic?

A

is a cable like structure of elastin that hold the neck of ruminant animals.

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20
Q

Give the repeating amino acid sequence in collagen?

A

X - Glycine - Proline - Hydroxiproline - Glycine - X

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21
Q

T or F. The sarcolemma is a bi - layer phospholipid membrane.

A

True

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22
Q

T or F. Myogenic cells are differentiated in the embryonic phase of skeletal muscle development.

A

True

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23
Q

T or F. Collagen is most abundant protein in the animal body.

A

True

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24
Q

T or F. Myotubes are immature muscle fibers

A

True

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25
T or F. Sarcomere length is constant
False
26
T or F. Synapes are formed when an axon ending of one neuron interdigitates with the dendrite of another neuron.
True
27
T or F. Intermolecular collagen cross linkages decrease as an animal ages
False
28
T or F. The sarcomlemma is composed of lipid material and protein.
True
29
T or F. Muscles can only contract
True
30
T or F. Myoblasts have the ability to fuse with one another
True
31
T or F. Proline is the most abundant amino acid in collagen.
False. Glycine
32
T or F. Increased intermolecular collagen cross linkages correlate with increase toughness.
True
33
BSE
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
34
HRI
Hotel Restaurant Institution
35
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
36
CNS
Central Nervous System
37
myomesium, M - protein, and skelemin
M line
38
Double headed contractile protein
Myosin
39
Axon ending one neuron interdigitating with dendrites of another
Synapse
40
Small cytoplasmic vesicles containing protease
Lysosomes
41
anchors myosin to Z disk
Titin
42
nervous system consisting of brain and spinal cord
CNS
43
Monomeric form of actin
G - actin
44
Protein responsible for meat color
myoglobin
45
holds actin filaments in 3D array
Z disk
46
Extends from a band to Z disc extending the entire length of the thin filament
Nebulin
47
Flattened reservoirs that store Ca++
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
48
extends the length of F - actin occluding the myosin binding site
tropomyosin
49
encircles the thick filament
C - protein
50
contains the glycolytic enzymes
Sarcoplasm
51
long cylindrical nervous tissue structure
axon
52
enzymes found in lysosomes
cathespsins
53
ensheaths peripheral nerve fibers
Schwan cells
54
fibrous form of actin
F - actin
55
Cell membrane surrounding the muscle fiber and composed of protein and lipid material
sarcolemma
56
contains organelles and inclusion and is the cytoploasm of muscle cells is?
sarcoplasm
57
Botulism is caused by
blocking achetylcholine
58
Serves as a lubricant in joint and is a glycosaminoglycan
Hyaluronic acid
59
ATPase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes
ATP
60
Cholinesterase in an enzyme that hydrolyzes
Acetylcholine
61
Collagen intermolecular cross - linkage
Lead to insolubility of collagen fibers, Increase with age, affect meat tenderness
62
Water, protein, carbohydrate, and lipid make up approximately what percent of live mammalian skeletal muscle, respectively.
78, 18.5, 1, 3
63
A defect in which of the following proteins causes the disease known as muscular dystrophy?
Dystrophin
64
Circulates continuously, passes through all tissue organs, and lymph nodes, helps transport absorbed fatty acid
Lymph
65
Results in twice as many muscle fibers
Doubling muscling genotype
66
Results in hypertrophy of the hindeg, also means beautiful buttocks, results in tougher meat products, and is developed in sheep.
Callipyge genotype
67
What is the viscous substance that serves to lubricate juxtaposed joint surfaces?
Hyaluronic acid
68
Synthetic somatotropin is used to...
Increase leaness
69
The two calcium channel proteins involved in regulating calcium during depolarization of the T - tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum are...
Dihydropyridine receptor and ryanodine receptor
70
T or F. The sarcolemma is a bi - layer phospholipid membrane.
True
71
T or F. Myogenic cells are differentiated in the embryonic phase of skeletal muscle development.
True
72
T or F. Collagen is the most abundant protein in the animal body.
True
73
This is due to Lack of ATP in post - mortem muscle and formation of actin - myosin cross - bridges
Rigor Mortis

Meat Science (6 decks)

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