Ch2 - Shoulder & Arm

Question 1

The Clavicle

Answer 1

Also called called collar bone.
Superficial and runs horizontally along the top of the chest, and base of neck.
Articulates laterally with the acromion of the scapula (acrominoclavicular joint)
Both are synovial joints

Question 2

Bones of the shoulder arm

Answer 2

clavicle
humerus
scapula
sternum
sternoclavicular join
acrominocalvicular joint
glenohumeral joint
ribs

Question 3

muscles of the shoulder and arm

Answer 3

trapezius
deltoid
infraspinatus
supraspinatus
teres minor
teres major
triceps brachii
latissimus dorsi
splenius capitis
levator scapula
rhomboid major and minor
erector spinae
serratus anterior

Question 4

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 4

single attachment site between the upper appendicular and axial skeleton.

Question 5

Scapula

Answer 5

shoulder blade
triangle shaped bone of the upper back
has several fossae, corners, and ridgers that serve as attachment sites for seventeen muscles.
Glides across the posterior surface of the throax to form the scapulothoracic joint.

Question 6

spine of scapula

Answer 6

superficial ridge located just off the top of the shoulder. It runs at an oblique angle to the body spanning from the acromion to the medial border
attachment site for posterior deltoid

Question 7

medial border of scapula

Answer 7

long edge of the scapula that runs parallel to the vertebral column
attachment site for the rhomboids and serratus anterior

Question 8

inferior angle of scapula

Answer 8

superfical and located at the medial borders lower end

Question 9

superior angle of scapula

Answer 9

located at the superior end of the medial border.
Attachment site for the levator scapula muscle.

located deep in the trapezius muscle, may not be easy to isolate.

Question 10

lateral border of scapula

Answer 10

extends superior and laterally from the inferior angle toward the axilla

attachment site for the teres major and teres minor

not easy to isolate

Question 11

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Answer 11

located at the most superior aspect of the lateral border
non distinguishable

Attachment site for the long head of the triceps brachii

Question 12

infraspinous fossa of scapula

Answer 12

triangular depression area inferior to the spin of the scapula

Question 13

supraspinous fossa of scapula

Answer 13

depression superior to the spine of thee scapula, small and deep to the supraspinatus muscle

Question 14

subscapular foss

Answer 14

located on the scpaulas anterior surface, next to the rib cage.

Attachment site for the subscapularis, and location of the serratus anterior muscle

Question 15

Acromion

Answer 15

lateral aspec of the spine of the scapula. Located at the top of the shoulder. Has a flat surface and articulates with the clavicles lateral end.

attachment site for the deltoid and trapezius

Question 16

Acromioclavicular join (A/C Joint)

Answer 16

small articulation between the acromion of the scapula and the end of the clavicle

Question 17

Caracoid Process

Answer 17

beak like projection found inferior to the shaft of the clavicle
attaches several tendons and ligaments

Pec minor @ 4oclock
coracobrachialis and biceps brachi tendons @7oclock
the coracromial ligament @ 10oclock
coracocalivuclar ligaments posteriorly @ 11oclock

Question 18

greater tubercle
located inferor and lateral of the acromion proceess

attachment site for three of the four rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor)

Question 19

Deltoid Tuberosity

Answer 19

located on the lateral side of the mid humeral shaft. It is a small low bump that serves as an attachment site for the converging fiers of the deltoid muscle

Question 21

Sternoclavicular joint (S/C joint)

Answer 21

articulation between the sternal end of the clavicle and the sternum.

Question 22

lesser tubercle

Answer 22

smaller than greater tubercle, attachment site for the fourth rotate cuff muscle - subscapularis

Question 23

Greater tubercle

Answer 23

located inferior and lateral to the acromion. Shaped more like a low mound than pointy hill
attachment site for three of the four rotate cuff muscles - supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

Question 24

intertubercular groove

Answer 24

situation between the greater and lesser tubercles. Within lthe groove lies the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachi

Question 25

Muscles for arm shoulder flexion

Answer 25

Deltoid (anterior fibers) pectoralis Major (upper fibers) Biceps Brachii Coracobrachialis

Question 26

Muscles for arm extension

Answer 26

deltoid (posterior fibers) latissimus doris teres major pectoralis major (lower fibers) triceps brachii (long head)

Question 27

muscles for horizontal abduction of the arm

Answer 27

deltoid (posterior fibers)

Question 28

muscles for horizontal adduction of the arm

Answer 28

deltoid (anterior fibers) pectoralis major (upper fibers)

Question 29

muscles for shoulder abduction

Answer 29

deltoid (all fibers) Supraspinatus

Question 30

muscles for shoulder adduction

Answer 30

latissimus dorsi teres major infraspinatus teres minor pectoralis major (all fibers) tricpes brachii (long head coracobrachialis

Question 31

muscles for lateral rotation of the shoulder

Answer 31

deltoid (posterior fibers) infraspinatus teres minor

Question 32

muscles for medial rotation of the shoulder

Answer 32

deltoid latissimus dorsi teres major subscapularis pectoralis major (all fibers)

Question 33

muscles for scapula elevation

Answer 33

trapezius (upper fibers, unilaterally) rhomboid major rhomboid minor levator scapula (unilaterally)

Question 34

muscles for scapula depression

Answer 34

trapezius serratus anterior pectoralis minor

Question 35

muscles for shoulder adduction/retraction

Answer 35

trapezius rhomboid major and minor

Question 36

muscles for shoulder abduction/protraction

Answer 36

serratus anterior pectoralis minor

Question 37

muscles for upward rotaion of the scapula

Answer 37

trapezius serratus anterior

Question 38

muscles for downward rotation of scapula

Answer 38

rhomboid major and mino levators. scapula pec minor

Question 39

Deltoid

Answer 39

All fibers Abduct the humerus, anerior and posterior fibers are antagonists in both flexion/extension and medial/lateral rotation Origin - lateral one thered of clavical, acromion, and spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity Nerve: Axilary c5.6

Question 40

Trapezius

Answer 40

Extends, laterally flexes, rotates head and neck elevate the scapula upwardly rotate the scapula origin - external occiptial protuberance, medial portion o the superiro nuchal line of the occiput, ligament nucha, and spinous process insertion - lateral one third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula nerve - spinal portion of the cranial nerve xi, and the ventral ramus

Question 41

latissimus dorsi

Answer 41

extend the shoulder adduct the shoulder medially rotate the shoulder origin - inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of last six thoracic vertabrae, last thre or four ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, and posterior iliac crest insertion - intertubercular groove of the humerus nerve - thoracodorsal c6.7.8

Question 42

Teres Major

Answer 42

extends the shoulder adduct the shoulder medially rotate the shoulder origin - inferior angle and lower one third of lateral border of the scapula insertion - crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus never - lower subscapular c5.6.7

Question 43

muscles of rotator cuff

Answer 43

supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis encompasa nd stabalize the glenohumeral joint

Question 43

infraspinatus

Answer 43

laterally rotate the shoulder adduct theshoulder stabalize the head of humerus origin - infraspinous fossa of the scapula insert - greater tubercle of humerus never subscapular c4.5.6

Question 44

supraspinatus

Answer 44

abduct the shoulder stabalize the head of humerus origin - supraspinous fossa of scapula insertion greater tubercle of the humerus nerve - subscapurla c4.5.6

Question 45

rhomboid major and minor

Answer 45

adduct the scapula elevate the scapula downwardly rotate the scapula origin - spinous processes of t2-t5 (major) spinous process of c7-t1 - minor insertion - medial border of scapula

Question 45

teres minor

Answer 45

laterally rotate houlder adduct the shoulder stabalize head of humerus origin - upper two thirds of lateral border of scapula insertion - greater tubercle of humerus nerve - axillary c5.6.

Question 46

subscapularis

Answer 46

medially rotate shoulder stabalize head of humerus origin - subscapular fossa insertion - lesser tubercle of the humerus Nerve: upper and lower subscapular c5.6.7

Question 47

levator scapula

Answer 47

elevate the scapula downwardly rotate the scapula laterally flex the neck rotate the head an neck extend the head and neck origin - tansverse processes of firth through forth cervicle vertabrae insertion - medial border of scapula between superior angle and superior portion of spine

Question 48

serratus anterior

Answer 48

abduct the scapula upwardly rotate the scapula depress the scapula hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage origin - external surfaces of upper eight or nin ribs insertion - anterior surface of medial border of scapula nerve long thoracic

Question 49

pec major

Answer 49

ALL FIBERS: adduct the shoulder medially rotate the shoulder UPPER FIBERS: flex the shoulder, horizontally adduct the shoulder LOWER FIBERS: extend the shoulder origin: medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of the first through sixth ribs. Insertion: crest of greater tubercle of humerus NERVE: lateral pectoral c5.6.7 upper fibers lateral and medial pectoral c6.7.8.t1 lower fibers

Question 50

pec minor

Answer 50

Depress scapula abduct scapula downwardly rotate scapula origin - third fourth and firth ribs insertion - medial surface of coracoid process nerve. medial pectoral c6.7.8. t1`