CH7

Question 1

Habitat and 3 examples of mesophytes tree

Answer 1

Live in a habitat that is not too dry nor too wet with adequate supply of water

Mango, Hibiscus, rubber

Question 2

Habitat, 6 adaptations and 2 example of xerophytes plant

Answer 2

Hot and dry; minimum water, very high temperature; Desert

1. Roots that grows widely & penetrates deep into soil to absorb water and mineral salts
2. Stem of cactus carry out photosynthesis
3. Small leaves
4. Waxy cuticles on leaves and stem
5. Water stored in roots, stems and leaf
6. Leaves modified into sharp thorn; reduce water loss, collects dew, prevent plant from being eaten by animals

Cactus & Date Palm

Question 3

Habitat, 6 adaptations and example of halophytes plant

Answer 3

Swampy area where seawater meet fresh water, high concentration of salt, low salt content, high intensity of light

1.Leaves with thick cuticle and sunken stomata to reduce rate of transpiration
2.Leaves with hydatodes eliminate excess salt
3. Old leaves store salt and fall of when concentration of salt is too high
4. Root branches widely with various shapes and sizes to provide support to plant in soft and muddy soil + prevent plant from being uprooted due to strong wind
5. Root system produces hundreds of breathing roots that grow vertically upward above surface of soil; pneumatophore with lenticels to allow exchange of gases with atmosphere
6. Cell sap has higher content of salt that seawater, no loss of water via osmosis, water and mineral salt enters the root

Mangrove tree

Question 4

Habitat, adaptations and 2 example of hydrophytes

Answer 4

Aquatic habitat, on water surface or submerged in water

Broad thin and flat leaves to absorb maximum sunlight during photosynthesis
Upper epidermis is covered by waxy waterproof cuticle to ensure stomata is always open
Stem of plant consists of aerenchyma tissue; light & has plenty of air spaces between cells
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Small and thin leaves; increase TSA/V ratio and increase diffusion rate of water, mineral salts and dissolved gas through epidermis
No Stomata and cuticle on the leaves
Small and hollow stems to help plants float upright and reduce water flow resistance