Cha. 5 - Skeletal System Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is Osteoporosis?
A condition of reduced bone mineral density, which increases risk of bone fracture.
The skeleton is divided into what two parts?
The axial and appendicular skeleton systems
The axial skeleton is made up of what?
And how many bones?
Skull, rib cage, and vertebral column
80 bones
The appendicular skeleton is made up of what?
And how many bones?
Arms, legs, and pelvic girdle
Approximately 126 bones
How many bones and joints in the body
206 bones and more than 300 joints
What is remodelling?
The process by which bone is constantly renewed by the resorption and formation of the bone structure
What are osteoclasts?
Special cells that break down and remove old bone tissue
What are osteoblasts?
Special cells that form and lay down new bone tissue.
What are the 5 major types of bones in the skeletal system?
Long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid
What are Depressions?
Flattened or indented portions of bone.
What are processes?
Projections protruding from the bone where tendons and ligaments can attach.
What is the vertebral column?
Bones that house the spinal cord; consists of the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral regions.
What are the 5 bones that make up the spinal cord.
Cervical spine (c1-c7)
Thoracic spine (t1-t12)
Lumbar spine (L1-L5)
Sacrum (triangular bone located below the lumbar spine)
Coccyx (located below sacrum, known as tailbone)
What is the spinal cord?
Bundle of nerves housed within the vertebrae
What are intervertebral discs?
Fibrous cartilage structures between vertebrae that act as shock absorbers and assist with movement.
