Cha. 6 - Endocrine System Flashcards
(26 cards)
What does the term Endocrine mean?
Hormone secreting
What is lipolysis?
The breakdown And utilization of fat for energy
What is an Enzyme?
A substance in the body that causes a specific reaction or change
What are Glands?
Organs that release substances into the bloodstream (such as hormones) or other surface of the body
What is a hormone?
Chemical messenger released from a gland that travels to cells to activate a specific function
What is the Hypothalamus?
A gland located in the brain that communicates with the pituitary gland
What is the Pineal gland?
A small gland in the brain that secretes the hormone melatonin, which helps regulate sleep cycles
What is the thyroid gland?
An endocrine gland, located in the anterior neck, responsible for the secretion of many hormones, including thyroxin and calcitonin
What is the pancreas?
An organ with numerous functions, including the production of insulin, glucagon, and digestive juices
What is the Pituitary gland?
An endocrine gland that controls the secretion of many hormones, including growth hormone
What is the Adrenal gland?
A gland, located just above the kidneys, responsible for the secretion of catecholamines and cortisol
What is the reproductive glands?
Glands, such as the ovaries or testes, that serve sex-specific functions
Control of blood glucose is regulated by what two hormones?
Insulin and glucagon
What is Insulin?
A hormone secreted by the pancreas that is responsible for glucose metabolism
What is Glucagon?
A hormone secreted by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose and functions opposite to insulin
What are substrates?
Intermediate forms of nutrients used in metabolic reactions to create adenosine triphospate
What is glycogen?
Glucoses that is deposited and stored in bodily tissues, such as the liver and muscle cells; the storage form of carbohydrate
What is the growth hormone
An anabolic hormone produced by the pituitary gland that is responsible for growth and development of
What are Catecholamines?
Hormones produced by the adrenal glands that are part of the stress response known as the fight-or-flight response
What is catabolic?
Metabolic process that breaks down molecules into smaller unites used for energy
What is Gluconeogenesis?
The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources (proteins and fats)
What is Anaboic?
Metabolic process that synthesizes smaller molecules into larger units used for building and repairing tissues.
What is Insulin-like growth factors (IGF)
Anabolic hormone produced by the liver, which is responsible for growth and development.
What is Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
The amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest
