Cha. 6 - Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is the Cardiorespiratory system?
A system of the body composed of the heart, blood, blood vessels, lungs, and airways.
What is the cardiovascular system?
A system of the body, also known as the circulatory system, that transports blood to the tissues of the body
What is the Thoracic cavity?
Chamber within the chest that contains the heart and lungs
What is the mediastinum?
The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest (e.g., heart, esophagus) except the lungs.
What is cardiac muscle?
Muscle of the heart
What is smooth muscled?
An involuntary non-striated muscle type that is found in organs
What is the Atrium (atria)?
Superior chambers of the heart that gathers blood returning to the heart
What is the Ventricle?
Inferior chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the lungs and body
What is the right side of the heart called and why?
Pulmonary (“related to the lungs”)
Because it receives blood from the body that is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide—often referred to as deoxygenated blood
What is the left side of the heart called and why?
Systemic
Because it has received oxygenated blood from the lungs that is high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide, which it then pumps out to the rest of the body
What are intercalated discs?
Found in the heart, these formations help hold together muscle cells
What is Sinoatrial (SA) node?
Located in the right atrium, this node initiates an electrical signal that causes the heart to beat
What is the Atrioventricular (AV) node?
Located between the atria and ventricles, this node delays the impulse from the sinoatrial node before allowing it to pass the ventricles
What is stroke volume?
Amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction
What is End-diastolic volume?
The filled volume of the ventricle before contraction
What is End-systolic volume?
The volume of blood remaining in the ventricle after ejection
What is Bradycardia?
When the heart rate this less than 60 beats per minute
What is tachycardia?
When the heart rate is greater than 100 beats per minute
What is cardiac output (Q)?
The overall performance of the heart (heart rate x stroke volume)
What are Growth factors?
Substances within the blood that attach to cells, aid in growth and development, and help with healing after injury
What are stem cells?
Cells within the body that divide and develop into specialized cells, such as brain cells, blood cells, heart cells, and bone cells
What are blood vessels?
Network of hollow tubes that circulate blood throughout the body.
What are the 3 major blood vessels?
Arteries, carry blood away from the heart
Capillaries, exchange sites of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues
Veins, carry blood back to the heart
