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French Wine Scholar > Champagne > Flashcards

Champagne Flashcards

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1
Q

How many hours of sunshine does it take to ripen a grape?

A

1,400 hours (Champagne receives 1,650)

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2
Q

When was it made legal to transport Champagne in bottle?

A

1728

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3
Q

When did phylloxera arrive to Champagne?

A
  1. Reduced to 1/5 of its original size.
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4
Q

When was the Echelle des Crus established?

A

1911

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5
Q

What are the 2 main types of chalk?

A

Belemnite (preferred),

Micraster

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6
Q

What is Belemnite made of?

A

Anceint arrow or dart-like relative of today’s squid

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7
Q

What is Micraster made of?

A

Fossilized Sea Urchins

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8
Q

Why is Belemnite preferred?

A

Belemnite is at the upper to mid slope, optimal for sun exposure and soil retention, due to fracturing of slope.

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9
Q

Where will you find more Marl?

A

Montagne de Reims, Val du Reims, Vallee de la Marne, Val de Petit Morin

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10
Q

Where will you find Kimmergean Marl?

A

Exclusive to Côte de Bar in Champagne.

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11
Q

What is marl with small fossilized oysters?

A

Kimmeridgean Marl.

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12
Q

What is the northernmost area of Champagne?

A

Massif de Saint-Thierry

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13
Q

What is the dominant grape of Massif de Saint-Thierry?

A

Pinot Meunier

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14
Q

What is the dominant grape of Monts de Berru?

A

Chardonnay

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15
Q

What is the dominant grape of Val de Reims?

A

Pinot Meunier

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16
Q

What are the dominant grapes of Coteaux Sud d’Epernay?

A

Nearly half each Chardonnay and Pinot Meunier

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17
Q

What is Rive Gauche?

A

Left Bank

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18
Q

What is Rive Droit?

A

Right Bank

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19
Q

What is the dominant grape of Vitry-le-François?

A

Chardonnay

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20
Q

What are the grapes of Montgeux?

A

Exclusively Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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21
Q

Dominant grape of Bar sur Aubois?

A

Pinot Noir on Kimmeridgean Marl

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22
Q

Dominant grape of Barséquanais

A

Pinot Noir on Kimmeridgean Marl

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23
Q

Most planted grape in Champagne?

A

Pinot Noir

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24
Q

Which grape contributes the most acidity and alcohol to a blend?

A

Chardonnay

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25
Which grape contributes the least amount of acidity to a blend?
Pinot Noir
26
Which grape contributes the least amount of alcohol to a blend?
Pinot Meunier
27
Who created the 1st French sparkling wine?
Monks of St. Hilaire in Limoux
28
Brut Nature Sugar Level
0-3. Dosage may not be added
29
Extra Brut Sugar Level
0-6
30
Brut Sugar Level
0-12
31
Extra Dry (Extra Sec) Sugar Level
12-17
32
Dry (Sec) Sugar Level
17-32
33
Demi Sec Sugar Level
23-50
34
Doux Sugar Level
50 and over
35
What grape is most planted in Champagne?
Pinot Noir
36
What grape adds a 'pumpernickel' note to Champagne?
Pinot Meunier
37
Which grape contributes the most acidity and alcohol to Champagne?
Chardonnay
38
Which grape contributes the least amount of acidity to Champagne?
Pinot Noir
39
Which grape contributes the least amount of alcohol to Champagne?
Pinot Meunier
40
Who is credited with crafting France's 1st sparkling wine?
Monks of Saint Hilaire in Limoux, an ancestrale wine
41
What is the term 'tirage'?
Bottling
42
What is liqueur de tirage?
Mix of yeast and sugar added to initiate 2nd fermentation in bottle. Guarantees a predictable level of sparkle
43
What is 'prise de mousse'?
'Seizing of the foam'. Refers to 2nd fermentation taking place in bottle. Creates 4.9-6 atmospheres of pressure
44
What is 'pupitres'?
A-frame riddling (remuage) racks
45
What is 'transversage'?
750 ml bottles are disgorged into larger bottles
46
Jéroboam
4 bottles
47
Réhoboam
6 bottles
48
Methuselah
8 bottles
49
Salamanzar
12 bottles
50
Balthazar
16 bottles
51
Nebuchanezzar
20 bottles
52
A la volée
Hand disgorgement
53
Juponé
Mushroom shaped cork (young)
54
Chevillé
Peg shaped cork (mature)
55
What are the AOCs of Champagne?
Champagne AOC Coteaux Champenois AOC Rosé des Riceys AOC
56
Coteaux Champenois
Blanc, Rosé, or Red | In Champagne AOC production zone
57
Rosé des Riceys
Pinot Noir only. Village of Les Riceys in Aube
58
Echelle des Crus
Est 1911 to rank wine producing villages and vineyards that surrounded them
59
How many Grand Cru Champagne villages?
17
60
How many Premier Cru Champagne villages?
42
61
How many Cru AOC Champagne villages?
255
62
When did the Echelle become obsolete for setting the price for grapes?
2003. Prices now settled by individual contracts
63
Why would you recently or late disgorge?
To age longer under crown cap. Wine carries the patina of age without the oxidative effect of 10 years in cellar with cork, and loss of effervescence
64
NM
Négociant-manipulant. Incorporates purchased grapes. All major houses
65
RM
Récolant-manipulant. Estate grapes
66
RC
Récolant-coopérateur. Grower affiliated w/ coop. Grapes vinified at coop, then sold under private label
67
SR
Société de récolants. group of growers who jointly vinify and sell one or more communal brands
68
CM
Coopérative cellar. Coop vinifies grapes of member growers
69
MA
Private label registered by individual, group, or society (store, restaurant, supermarket)
70
ND
Négociant-distrbuteur. Buyer buys finished wines and gives them private label

French Wine Scholar (13 decks)

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