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Geography > Changing Economic World: UK > Flashcards

Changing Economic World: UK Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 causes of economic change in the UK?

A

Deindustrialisation, government policy, globalisation

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2
Q

what is globalisation?

A

where a business starts operating on an international scale

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3
Q

what is an example of gov policy that changed the UK’s economy?

A

Mag thatcher closing mines 1970’s

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4
Q

what are industries in a post-industrial economy?

A

finance, services, science

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5
Q

what do post industrial industries locate near?

A

motorways and universities

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6
Q

what is a growth corridor?

A

an area of the country where the economy is growing, often along a transport route

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7
Q

what universities is the M4 corridor located along?

A

Oxford, Bath

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8
Q

what are two examples of environmental damage from industry?

A

-transport of materials releases CO2
-waste products enter ecosystems

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9
Q

what is our example of more sustainable industrial development?

A

Torr quarry, Somerset

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10
Q

how many people are employed at Torr quarry?

A

100

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11
Q

how much money is made for the local economy from Torr quarry?

A

£15 million

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12
Q

what is a sustainable practice at Torr quarry?

A

planting more trees creating habitats and taking in CO2

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13
Q

what is an example of an area of population growth?

A

South Cambridge

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14
Q

what is an example of an area of population decline?

A

Outer Hebrides

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15
Q

how many homes are being built in Cambridge?

A

1,700

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16
Q

how many companies are offering jobs in Cambridge?

A

4,500

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17
Q

what makes Cambridge an attractive area?

A

picturesque, lots of green space, skilled job opportunities

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18
Q

How many homes are there in the Outer Hebrides?

A

a few hundred

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19
Q

what is the population of the Outer Hebrides?

A

26,000

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20
Q

what is weather and broadband like in the Outer Hebrides?

A

bad weather and no broadband

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21
Q

the population of the Outer Hebrides has declined by …… since 1901

A

50%

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22
Q

what is a healthcare impact of population growth in Cambridge?

A

a strain on healthcare and education

23
Q

what are house prices like now in Cambrdge?

A

very high

24
Q

what percentage of people living in South Cambridgeshire own cars?

A

80%

25
Q

the outer hebrides have a…

A

high dependency ratio, so a top heavy population pyramid

26
Q

how much did the government announce to spend in 2014 on a road investment scheme?

A

£15 billion

27
Q

what did the £15 billion investment scheme entail?

A

extra lanes on motorways, smart motorways, 100 new road schemes, 1300 new lane miles added to motorways

28
Q

what are two examples of railway improvements?

A

HS2 and Crossrail

29
Q

how much is HS2 worth?

A

$50 billion

30
Q

why is HS2 controversial?

A

loss of countryside and it is close to homes

31
Q

Crossrail is the…

A

biggest civil construction project in Europe

32
Q

what opportunities will Crossrail bring?

A

cut passenger journey times, encourage regeneration, employment opportunities

33
Q

how many people do the UK’s seaports employ?

A

120,000

33
Q

how many people pass through the UK’s seaports?

A

32 million passengers

33
Q

the UK port industry is…

A

the largest in Europe

34
Q

how many people do the UK’s airports employ?

A

300,000

35
Q

what was proposed in Gatwick and Heathrow airport?

A

adding a third runway

36
Q

how many people does Heathrow airport employ?

A

76,000

37
Q

what is the north-south divide?

A

the social, economic and cultural disparities between London and the south east of England, and the rest of the UK

38
Q

why is there a north- south divide?

A

northern england was populated with coalmines, but they have been shut down so unemployment rose

39
Q

what has the government encouraged to solve the north-south divide?

A

TNC investment in the North

40
Q

how has the government encouraged TNC investment in the North?

A

they have reduced taxes for investors

41
Q

what is an example of TNC investment in the North?

A

Mitsubishi in the North

42
Q

what transport investment can improve the North South divide?

A

HS2 to link the two and allow access to jobs in the north

43
Q

what is an enterprise zone (overcoming north south divide)

A

a government incentive such as discounted rates or superfast broadband to encourage new businesses to setup in deprived areas

44
Q

how will enterprise zones improve the north south divide?

A

jobs are created when businesses start up, so taxes are paid, which will benefit the economy –>positive multiplier effect

45
Q

what is a local enterprise partnership (LEP)? - north south divide

A

voluntary partnerships between local authorities and businesses to encourage investment

46
Q

what is the Lancashire LEP focusing development on? - north south divide

A

aerospace and technical engineering

47
Q

how many skilled jobs is the Lancashire LEP aiming to create by 2023?

A

50,000

48
Q

what is the tv industry worth in the UK?-cultural importance)

A

1.25 billion

49
Q

who are the UK’s main trade partners?

A

countries within the EU, the US and China

50
Q

which airports give links from the UK- transport links?

A

Gatwick and Heathrow

51
Q

what is the Arctic Fibre project?-electronic communications

A

150,000km of cables linking London and Tokyo

52
Q

after leaving the EU, how much did the government use to support farmers?

A

£18 million

Geography (14 decks)

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