Challenge of Resource Management

Question 1

what is agribusiness?

Answer 1

agriculture conducted on strictly commercial purposes

Question 2

how does agribusiness operate?

Answer 2

large scale intensive farming with a high input of chemicals, machinery and investments in irrigation

Question 3

what is the impact of agribusiness in the UK?

Answer 3

a greater range of products can be grown in the UK, so there is less of a need to import crops

Question 4

what are three ways to increase water supply?

Answer 4

saving water, water transfer, building reservoirs

Question 5

what are some issues caused by poor water quality?

Answer 5

toxic waters transfer toxins to humans
pesticides kill parts of the ecosystems

Question 6

how can we manage water quality?

Answer 6

-green roofs
-education campaigns
-legislation

Question 7

how do green roofs manage water quality?

Answer 7

filter out pollutants naturally in rainwater. flood risk from runoff is reduced. absorb co2

Question 8

how do education campaigns manage water quality?

Answer 8

these inform the public about how to put appropriate things in sewage

Question 9

how does legislation manage water quality?

Answer 9

the UK has strict laws so factories and farms limit the water types they put into rivers

Question 10

what are economic challenges associated with fossil fuel exploitation?

Answer 10

-coal must be imported into the UK
-miners suffer from diseases so health services face a cost
-climate change requires flood defences etc

Question 11

what are environmental challenges associated with fossil fuel exploitation?

Answer 11

-burning fossil fuels release greenhouse gases so climate change
-acid rain
-access roads destroy habitats

Question 12

what are economic challenges associated with nuclear exploitation?

Answer 12

-nuclear power stations are expensive to build
-nuclear transport is expensive

Question 13

what are environmental challenges associated with nuclear exploitation?

Answer 13

-nuclear spillages release radiation into the air which affects wildlife and people

Question 14

what are economic challenges associated with renewables?

Answer 14

-high setup costs
-low profitability
-visual environment impact could inhibit tourism

Question 15

what are environmental challenges associated with renewables?

Answer 15

-wind turbines can affect bird migration patterns
-ugly
-noisy so can disrupt wildlife

Question 16

what are two reasons for increasing food consumption? (global)

Answer 16

population growth, level of development

Question 17

what are 6 factors affecting global food supply?

Answer 17

climate, water stress, pests, conflict, poverty, technology

Question 18

how does climate affect global food supply?

Answer 18

deserted areas bake soil, drought (ethiopia), floods. all prohibit adequate plant growth

Question 19

how does technology affect global food supply?

Answer 19

HIC’s can invest in tech such as harvesters, but LIC’s can’t which limit their productivity

Question 20

how do pests affect global food supply?

Answer 20

mice and rats eat crops so crop yield decreases. LIC’s cannot afford pesticides

Question 21

how does water stress affect global food supply?

Answer 21

without water, farmers cannot water their crops. LIC’s cannot afford irrigation

Question 22

how does conflict affect global food supply?

Answer 22

-farmers have to leave their land to fight
-farmers have to flee for refuge
-crops burnt in battle
common in areas like Syria, Sudan and Yemen

Question 23

how does poverty affect global food supply?

Answer 23

people who live in poverty are weaker so cannot work as much to afford food. or farmers cannot work as hard

Question 24

what are the impacts of food insecurity (global)?

Answer 24

famine, undernutrition, soil erosion, rising prices, social unrest

Question 25

what does famine lead to?

Answer 25

undernutrition

Question 26

what does undernutrition lead to?

Answer 26

-weakened immunity -vulnerability to disease -deficiencies -hindered physical and cognitive development in children

Question 27

how many people suffered from undernutrition in 2012-2014?

Answer 27

1 in 9

Question 28

how does food insecurity lead to soil erosion?

Answer 28

land is exhausted, blown and washed away so soil erosion occurs

Question 29

how does food insecurity lead to rising prices?

Answer 29

food shortages lead to price increases

Question 30

flour and oil prices doubled in...

Answer 30

Algeria

Question 31

how does food insecurity lead to social unrest?

Answer 31

food shortages can be blamed on governments, causing revolts

Question 32

what is irrigation?

Answer 32

artificially watering land

Question 33

how does irrigation help increase food supply?

Answer 33

increases crop yields , so reduces poverty

Question 34

what are challenges regarding irrigation?

Answer 34

-high costs of investment -salinization

Question 35

what is salinization?

Answer 35

the increase in salt content of water, food or plants

Question 36

what are aeroponics?

Answer 36

plants grown in air and sprayed with fine water mist

Question 37

why do aeroponics help increase food supply?

Answer 37

less water and nutrients are needed requires small amounts of space, so more plants can be grown

Question 38

why do aeroponics have challenges?

Answer 38

they rely on nutrient misting systems which can break roots chambers need regular cleaning

Question 39

what are hydroponics?

Answer 39

plants grown in nutrient-rich water

Question 40

why do hydroponics help increase food supply?

Answer 40

nutrients they receive help them to grow faster crops can be transported in water so they are more fresh

Question 41

what is a challenge regarding hydroponics?

Answer 41

technical expertise is needed the system is expensive to setup and run

Question 42

what is the green revolution?

Answer 42

sustainable and community based harvesting, using techniques like soil conservation and water harvesting

Question 43

why does the new green revolution help increase food supply

Answer 43

-higher crop yields -development of herbicides and pesticides -greater quantities of cheaper food produced

Question 44

what is a challenge of the new green revolution?

Answer 44

crop yields aren't growing with population growth

Question 45

what is biotechnology/ GM crops?

Answer 45

living organisms help modify plants to increase crop yields

Question 46

how do GM crops increase crop yields?

Answer 46

shelf life and flavour is improved disease resistant crop

Question 47

what is a challenge regarding GM crops?

Answer 47

health concerns

Question 48

what is appropriate technology?

Answer 48

using skills or materials thar are cheap and easily available to increase crop output

Question 49

how will appropriate technology increase food supply?

Answer 49

more accessible for LIC's where there is food deficit

Question 50

what is a challenge regarding appropriate technology?

Answer 50

repairs can be inadequate

Question 51

what is our example of a large scale agricultural development?

Answer 51

Almeria, Spain

Question 52

what are some characteristics of Almeria?

Answer 52

there is sunlight throughout the year, overabstraction is common

Question 53

what is overabstraction?

Answer 53

when there is more water being taken in (for produce), than rain falling

Question 54

Almeria produces... of Europe's fruit and veg?

Answer 54

50%

Question 55

what are two economic advantages of Almeria?

Answer 55

-there are low energy costs as there are natural high temperatures in the greenhouse -factories nearby can also gain income by producing and reusing plastic

Question 56

what are two environmental advantages of Almeria?

Answer 56

-hydroponics use less water -the greenhouse has a white surface (albedo effect). spain temperatures have increased by 1-3°, but Almeria's dropped by 0.3°

Question 57

what is a social advantage of Almeria?

Answer 57

UK strict regulations have limited pesticide use, so working conditions have improved

Question 58

what is an economic DISadvantages of Almeria?

Answer 58

it is estimated that workers are paid between 33-35 euros per day

Question 59

what are two environmental disadvantages of Almeria?

Answer 59

-aquifers are drying up -greenhouse production requires 1000mm of annual rainfall in a region which receives 200mm

Question 60

what are two social disadvantages of Almeria?

Answer 60

-100,000 migrant workers have few rights (no toilets, women forced into prostitution -temperatures can reach 45° which is insufferable for workers

Question 61

what is our example of a local scheme in an LIC to increase sustainable supplies of food?

Answer 61

Jamalpur, Bangladesh

Question 62

who led rice-fish farming?

Answer 62

Practical Action

Question 63

how does rice fish farming work?

Answer 63

rice plants grow in flooded paddies, where fish also live

Question 64

how much could farmers make from their fish and rice?

Answer 64

26200 tk for fish and 18000 for rice

Question 65

what is the impact of rice fish farming?

Answer 65

farmers can afford to buy nutritious food like vegetables and fruit, and their children are going to school

Question 66

what are some examples of increasing sustainable supplied of food?

Answer 66

sustainable meat and fish farming, organic farming, permaculture

Question 67

what are some examples of reducing food loss and food waste?

Answer 67

buying ugly fruit and veg to reduce food loss using leftovers to reduce food waste

Question 68

what is permaculture?

Answer 68

farming to help the land

Question 69

example of sustainable meat and fish

Answer 69

freedom food

Question 70

how could sustainable meat and fish work

Answer 70

no overfishing, free range methods, illegal fishing stopped