Chaoter 14 Solutions Flashcards
(34 cards)
What’s the difference between a solute and a solvent?
Solute is a substance being dissolved like sugar in sugar water
A solvent is a dissolving agent
Remember, solutions are mixtures, and the composition is variable
Remember solutions are homogeneous
Solute particles are super small and remain distributed throughout and never settle. And since this is a mixture, it can usually be separated by physical means.
Give an example of a gas solute
and gas Solvent
Air is a gas, solute and solvent
Soda has a gas, solute and liquid solvent
Give an example of a solid solute liquid solvent
Ex solid, solute and solid solvent
 Kool-Aid and salt water are solid, solute, and liquid solvent
Any alloy brass bronze steel are solid, solute, and solid solvent
Give an example of a liquid solute and liquid solvent
Vinegar which is acetic acid and water
What is the solution process?
Solvent surrounds solute
Solvent pulls solute into solution
Solvent distribute particles evenly
Surround, Pull, distribute
Do you need to stir solutions?
No! They make them selves
Explain what helps solutions stir themselves
Electric charge, opposites, attract, and water is the most common solvent, and is polar
Definition of disassociation?
SEPARATION  of ions by action of solvent
What is ionization?
CREATION of ions by actions of a solvent 
 Like dissolves like means what?
 polar solutes, dissolve well in polar solvents
Nonpolar, solute, dissolve well in nonpolar solvents 
Why does like dissolves, like
regarding polar, nonpolar, and ionic solute and solvents?
There are no attractive or repulsive forces due to the lack of charge so they will mix by “filling in spaces “between neighboring molecules 
What’s the definition of solubility
The amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature, (and pressure if the solute is a gas)
Do most solids increase or decrease solubility with temperature increase?
Increase soluability
Do most gases increased or decrease solubility with temperature?
Most gas is decrease soluability
Definition of miscible
Two liquids that mix well
Immiscible is two liquids that don’t mix well
Summarize nature of substances in page 331 in textbook
What is a saturated solution?
Cmaximum amount of a solute
for given amount of solvent
specific temperature 
In lab whats the only way to be certain you have prepared a saturated solution?
Add until you see some solid at the bottom. Then could filter it later so it’s homogenous.
How do you prepare a supersaturated solution?
Dissolved solute in water until solution is saturated at that temperature
Heat the solution
Add more solute at the temperature, and make sure it dissolves
Cool slowly and without disturbing
Adding a seed crystal when the solution has cooled, will cause the extra solute to “fall out “of solution 
Does the rate of dissolving decrease or increase as the solution approaches the saturation point?
Decrees because there’s less room to run around with the water molecules and dissolve 
What does S mean on the solubility table?
Not soluabile
It means there is a solid at the bottom.
