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SEM IV - Rad Pathology > Chap. 1 introduction > Flashcards

Chap. 1 introduction Flashcards

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0
Q

Acute

A

Right now

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1
Q

Abscess

A

Pocket of pus (wbc’s)

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2
Q

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

Impairment of cellular immunity

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3
Q

Anaphylactic

A

Reactions are characterized by hypotension and vascular collapse (shock) with urticaria (hives), bronchiolar spasm, and laryngeal adema

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4
Q

Atrophy

A

A reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ or tissue with a corresponding decrease in function

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5
Q

Additive pathology

A

Pathology that adds to tissue density

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6
Q

Autoimmune

A

of or relating to disease caused by antibodies or lymphocytes produced against substances naturally present in the body.
“the infection triggers an autoimmune response”

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7
Q

Benign

A

Grows in place, does not spread

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8
Q

Cancers

A

Collectively malignant tumors

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9
Q

Carcinoma

A

Tumor that develops from epithelial tissues

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10
Q

Chronic

A

Life long

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11
Q

Congenital

A

Existing at birth

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12
Q

Diagnosis

A

Determination of the disease that an individual has

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13
Q

Destructive pathology

A

Decreased tissue density imaged as black regions within tissue on a radiograph or computed tomogram.

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14
Q

Disease

A

Physical/chemical changes in tissue

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15
Q

Dysplasia

A

A loss in the uniformity of individual cells and their architectual orientation, typically associated with prolonged chronic irritation or inflammation

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16
Q

Etiology

A

The study of disease causes

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17
Q

Edema

A

Accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of body cavities

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18
Q

Grading

A

How likely to spread

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19
Q

Hematogenous spread

A

Travels by means of the bloodstream

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20
Q

Hematoma

A

Accumulation of blood trapped within body tissues

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21
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Implies rupture of a blood vessel

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22
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammatory disease of the liver

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23
Q

Hereditary

A

Transmitted to offspring through genes

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24
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ
25
Iatrogenic
Disease caused by a physician or treatment
26
Idiopathic
Disease whose underlying cause is unknown
27
Immune
Reaction of the body provides a powerful defense against invading organisms
28
Infarct
Death of tissue due to a lack of blood flow
29
Inflammation
The initial response of body tissue to local injury, including the four hallmarks - rumor, dolor, calor, edema
30
Rubor
Redness
31
Dolor
Pain
32
Calor
Warmth
33
Edema
Swelling
34
Ischemia
Decreased blood to tissue
35
Lesion
Physical or biochemical changes within a cell
36
Lymphatic spread
The major metastatic route of carcinomas, especially those of the lung and breast
37
Malignant
Growth that wants to spread (and usually does)
38
Metastasize
To spread by metastasis (spread of disease to another organ or tissue in the body)
39
Mutations
Alterations in the DNA structure that may become permanent hereditary changes
40
Neoplasia
Any new and abnormal growth, especially when the growth is uncontrolled and progressive
41
Nosocomial
Infections contracted in the acute care facility
42
Oncology
The study of neoplasms
43
Parenchyma
Essential tissue of an organ
44
Pathogenesis
Sequence of events that renders the disease apparent
45
Pathology
The study of disease
46
Permeable/permeability
Allows fluids/cells to pass from one tissue to another tissue or location
47
Prognosis
Predicted course of a disease and the prospects of recovery
48
Pyogenic
Thick, yellow fluid called pus (dead WBC)
49
Sarcoma
Tumor that develops from connective tissues
50
Signs
Something that you see visually
51
Symptoms
Something the patient tells you about how they feel and you cannot see (dizziness, headache, etc)
52
Staging
How far has it spread
53
Syndrome
Indicates the presence of a combination of symptoms that commonly occur together and are related to a single cause
54
Toxoid
Chemically altered toxin
55
Vaccine
Low dose of dead or deactivated bacteria or virus
56
The accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the spaces between cells or in body cavities is termed
Edema
57
____________ is the process by which white blood cells surround and digest infectious organisms.
Phagocytosis
58
A tumor like scar is referred to as a(n)
Keloid
59
Inflammation with pus formation is termed
Supperative
60
An interruption in the blood supply to an organ or body part is referred to as
Ischemia
61
A localized area of ischemic necrosis in an organ or tissue is termed a(n)
Infarct
62
A swelling caused by bleeding into an enclosed area is termed
Hematoma
63
A decrease in function of an organ or tissue because of a reduction in the size or number of cells is termed
Atrophy
64
The term _______________ means new growth
Neoplasia
65
The term for benign epithelial neoplasms that have a gland like appearance is
Adenoma
66
The study of determinants of disease events in given population is
Epidemiology
67
Statistically _______________ reflects the number of deaths by disease per population
Mortality
68
The rate that an illness or abnormality occurs is called
Morbidity
69
Gowns, gloves, masks, shoe covers, and eye protection used to prevent transmission of potential infectious agents are
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
70
_______________ determines the additional protective equipment needed to prevent the spread of highly infectious pathogens through contact, droplet, or airborne transmissions
Transmission based precautions

SEM IV - Rad Pathology (6 decks)

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