Chap 1 Quiz Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is Aphasia?
damage to the language sensitive areas of the brain. Aphasia is a generalized communication disorder with varying characteristics depending on the site of the lesion.
Broca’s aphasia
patient has good comprehension but trouble pronunciation and producing the little words of the language. (articles)
fluent speech but with many neologisms (nonsense words)
Wernickes aphasia
conduction aphasia
lesions on the Arcuate fasciculus. unable to repeat
What are the four conversational principles?
Say as much as you need to, but not too much.
Be truthful
Be relevant.
Present information in a logical order
Speakers who know how to use language appropriately have more than linguistic competence; they have ______ ___________.
communicative competence.
What are the 5 components of language?
Phonology morphology Syntax Semantics Pragmatics
What is Phonology?
all of the important sounds, rules for combining them to make words, stress and intonation patterns.
A group of similar sounds that are regarded as all the same by the speakers of a language are called what?
phonemes
What is Morphology?
A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language. It cannot be broken into any smaller parts.
What are derivational morphemes?
bound morphemes that change one word into another. (adjective happy, into noun, happiness)
Syntax
Includes rules of how to combine words into acceptable phrases and sentences and how to transform sentences into other sentences.
all of the important sounds, rules for combining them to make words, stress and intonation patterns.
Phonology
What is Semantics?
includes our mental dictionary, or lexicon. The meanings of words and how they are related to one another in complex networks and the awareness of this..
What is lexicon?
our mental dictionary,
What are Pragmatics?
The way language is used to accomplish social ends. Social Rules. Use of language to express one’s intentions and get things done in the world.
What is needed for Communicative Competence?
The 5 components of language.
Morphology Syntax Phonology Semantics Pragmatics
Where is the Wernickes Area? What does damage to this area cause?
Posterior left temporal lobe near the auditory associated areas of the brain. Damage produces an aphasia that is characterized by fluent speech with neologisms (nonsense words) and poor comprehension.
Where is the Broca’s area. What does damage to this area cause?
In the left frontal region. Very near to the motor strip that controls the tongue and lips. Damage results in Broca’s Aphasia. (Good comprehension but trouble pronunciation and producing the little words of language.
What connects the Broca’s area and the Wernicke’s area? What do lesions here cause the inability to do?
arcuate fasciculus. Repeat. Also known as conduction aphasia.
What are the true language criteria?
Productivity-speakers can make new utterances and expand the forms they already know to say things they have never heard before.
Semanticity- (symbolism) language represents ideas, events and objects symbolically.
Displacement-messages not need be tied to the immediate context.
What are the changes that take place with advancing age? How many are there?
word finding difficulty is inevitable
hearing impairment
memory impairments
Vocabulary and narrative skills increase
a generalized communication disorder.
aphasia
CHILDES
child language data exchange system
