chap. 11 - airway mngmt

Question 1

diffusion is…

Answer 1

the process in which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 2

the upper airway consists of all anatomic structures above the…

Answer 2

vocal cords (larynx)

Question 3

the posterior portion of the oral cavity:

Answer 3

oropharynx

Question 4

the space between the vocal cords and the narrowest portion of the adults airway…

Answer 4

the glottis

Question 5

the lower tip of the sternum:

Answer 5

the xiphoid process

Question 6

pleura that covers the outer surface of the lung tissues:

Answer 6

visceral pleura

Question 7

pleura that lines the inside of the thoracic cavity

Answer 7

parietal pleura

Question 8

thin, hollow tubes made of smooth muscle

Answer 8

bronchioles

Question 9

oxygen diffuses through the lining of the…

Answer 9

alveoli

Question 10

the mediastinum contains the…

Answer 10

heart, great vessels, esophagus, trachea, major bronchi, and nerves

Question 11

the nerves that innervate the diaphragm:

Answer 11

the phrenic nerves

Question 12

does the left or right ventricle pump oxygenated blood to the body?

Answer 12

left

Question 13

ventilation is:

Answer 13

the physical act of moving air in and out of the lungs

Question 14

oxygenation is:

Answer 14

the process of loading oxygen molecules onto hemoglobin in the bloodstream

Question 15

respiration is:

Answer 15

the exchange of oxygen and CO2 in the alveoli

Question 16

mm Hg stands for?

Answer 16

millimeters of mercury

Question 17

partial pressure is used to describe…

Answer 17

the amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid

Question 18

the amount of air moved in or out of the lungs in one breath:

Answer 18

tidal volume

Question 19

the air that remains in the lungs after maximal respiration

Answer 19

residual volume

Question 20

failure to meet the body’s need for oxygen may result in…

Answer 20

hypoxia

Question 21

the drive to breathe is based on…

Answer 21

pH changes in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 22

hypoxic drive is often seen in patients with…

Answer 22

COPD

Question 23

hypoxic drive is when…

Answer 23

the bodily impetus to breath is changed from CO2 levels to oxygen levels

Question 24

surfactant is where and does what?

Answer 24

in the alveoli. reduces surface tension

Question 25

metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen...

Answer 25

aerobic

Question 26

metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen. procures lactic acid

Answer 26

anaerobic

Question 27

chemoreceptors monitor what?

Answer 27

levels of oxygen, CO2, hydrogen ion concentration, and pH

Question 28

the part of the brain responsible for sending and receiving respiratory information?

Answer 28

medulla 🧠

Question 29

hypercarbia is when...

Answer 29

CO2 levels are elevated in the blood

Question 30

intrapulmonary shunting:

Answer 30

bypassing of oxygen poor blood past nonfunctional alveoli to the left side of the heart

Question 31

hemothorax

Answer 31

an accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity

Question 32

an AGP is what? and you should be aware of it why?

Answer 32

an aerosol generating procedure. they present an infection risk to the provider

Question 33

name that abbreviation! - BVM

Answer 33

bag valve mask (bag mask device). the one with the air reservoir you squeeze with your hand

Question 34

occasional, gasping breaths that can occur even after the heart has stopped

Answer 34

agonal gasps

Question 35

abnormal breathing pattern characterized by a period or irregular breathing followed by a period of apnea

Answer 35

cheyne-stokes respirations

Question 36

apnea is when...

Answer 36

there is a lack of spontaneous breathing #sad

Question 37

irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have a pattern

Answer 37

ataxic respirations

Question 38

deep, rapid respirations commonly seen in patients with metabolic acidosis

Answer 38

kussmaul respirations

Question 39

under normal conditions an Spo2 meter should read...

Answer 39

94% or higher

Question 40

what is the time delay on a pulse oximeter?

Answer 40

1 minute

Question 41

the measure of the maximal concentration of CO2 at the end of an exhaled breath:

Answer 41

end tidal CO2

Question 42

a device that provides a digital numeric reading of end tidal CO2 levels

Answer 42

capnometry

Question 43

device that provides both a numeric reading of end tidal CO2 levels and a graph from breath to breath

Answer 43

capnography

Question 44

in an unconscious patient the most common airway obstruction is...

Answer 44

the tongue

Question 45

a contraindication for using the head tilt chin lift maneuver is...

Answer 45

a suspected spinal injury

Question 46

tonsil tips, yankauer, and ducanto catheter are...

Answer 46

all names for a rigid pharyngeal suction tip

Question 47

an opening in the skin that goes into an organ or other structure

Answer 47

a stoma 🕳

Question 48

a suction unit should generate a vacuum strength or more than...

Answer 48

300 mm Hg

Question 49

the primary function of an airway adjunct:

Answer 49

prevent the obstruction of the upper airway and allow the passage or air into the lungs

Question 50

name that abbreviation! - OPA

Answer 50

oropharyngeal airway (oral)

Question 51

describe an OPA (oropharyngeal airway)

Answer 51

a rigid, curved piece of plastic inserted only into the mouth. used to keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway

Question 52

name that abbreviation! - NPA

Answer 52

nasopharyngeal airway

Question 53

describe an NPA (nasopharyngeal airway

Answer 53

a flexible, slightly curved tube inserted down into a patients nostril. the end of it has a flare/flange on it

Question 54

the recovery position lays a patient on...

Answer 54

their side

Question 55

an oxygen cylinder that gets punctured will turn into a....

Answer 55

deadly missile! 🚀 💣

Question 56

damage caused to cellular tissue in the body because of excessive oxygen levels...

Answer 56

oxygen toxicity

Question 57

nasal cannula flow rate:

Answer 57

1 - 6 L/min

Question 58

nasal cannula oxygen concentration:

Answer 58

24 - 44%

Question 59

nonrebreathing mask (NRB) with reservoir flow rate:

Answer 59

10 - 15 L/min

Question 60

nonrebreathing mask (NRB) oxygen concentration:

Answer 60

up to 90%

Question 61

bag mask device (BVM) with reservoir flow rate:

Answer 61

15 L/min

Question 62

bag mask device (BVM) oxygen concentration:

Answer 62

nearly 100%

Question 63

name that abbreviation! - NRB

Answer 63

nonrebreather mask (mask with the inflatable plastic bag hanging off the front of it)

Question 64

name that abbreviation!

Question 65

gastric distention is...

Answer 65

the inflation of the stomach with air

Question 66

name that abbreviation! - ATV

Answer 66

automatic transport ventilator

Question 67

the ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in...

Answer 67

compliance

Question 68

the purpose of what device is to increase pressure in the lungs, open collapsed alveoli, and push more oxygen across the alveolar membrane?

Answer 68

a CPAP machine

Question 69

what vital sign is important to monitor when using a CPAP machine?

Answer 69

blood pressure. specifically low blood pressure

Question 70

a type of stoma located midline on the trachea

Answer 70

tracheostomy

Question 71

name that abbreviation! - ET (intubation)

Answer 71

endotracheal

Question 72

the process of providing oxygen prior to intubation

Answer 72

preoxygenation

Question 73

a technique in which a nasal cannula is left in place during an intubation attempt, allowing for continuous oxygen delivery during the procedure:

Answer 73

apneic oxygenation