chap. 12 - pharmacology

Question 1

the process by which a medication works on the body is…

Answer 1

pharmacodynamics

Question 2

a medication that causes stimulation of receptors in the body is a…

Answer 2

agonist

Question 3

a medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications or chemicals is a…

Answer 3

antagonist/blocker

Question 4

medication that targets bacteria

Answer 4

antibiotic

Question 5

medication that targets fungi

Answer 5

antifungal

Question 6

the therapeutic effect is also called the…

Answer 6

desired or intended effect

Question 7

the pharmacokinetics of a medication refers to…

Answer 7

the actions of the body upon the medication. this includes the onset of action, duration, elimination, and the peak

Question 8

the peak of a medication is..

Answer 8

the point or period when the maximum clinical effect is achieved

Question 9

elimination of a medication is…

Answer 9

how the body removes the medication or chemical(s)

Question 10

many medications are transformed and/or eliminated in what two organs?

Answer 10

the kidneys and the liver

Question 11

the reasons or conditions for which a particular medication is given are…

Answer 11

indications

Question 12

conditions or situations that lead one to NOT administer a certain medication

Answer 12

contraindications

Question 13

any actions of a medication other than the desired ones..

Answer 13

adverse effects

Question 14

the two types of adverse effects:

Answer 14

unintended effects & untoward effects

Question 15

unintended effects…

Answer 15

are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient

Question 16

untoward effects…

Answer 16

can be harmful to the patients

Question 17

generic name

Answer 17

the simple, clear, and non-proprietary name. they are not capitalized.

Question 18

trade name

Answer 18

the brand name that a manufacturer gives to a medication

Question 19

medications that enter the body through the digestive system:

Answer 19

enteral medications

Question 20

an antipyretic does what?

Answer 20

reduces a fever

Question 21

medications that enter the body through a route OTHER than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes

Answer 21

parenteral medications (generally administered via syringe)

Question 22

the process by which meds travel through body tissues until they reach the blood stream…

Answer 22

absorption

Question 23

name that abbreviation! - SL

Answer 23

sublingual (placed under the tongue)

Question 24

name that abbreviation! - PR

Answer 24

per rectum :O

Question 25

name that abbreviation! - PO

Answer 25

per oral (by mouth)

Question 26

name that abbreviation! - IV

Answer 26

intravenous (into a vein)

Question 27

name that abbreviation! - IO

Answer 27

intraosseous (into the bone)

Question 28

name that abbreviation! - IN

Answer 28

intranasal

Question 29

name that abbreviation! - IM

Answer 29

intramuscular (into the muscle)

Question 30

subcutaneous injections go where?

Answer 30

under the skin. name is sometimes shortened to "SubQ"

Question 31

transcutaneous/transdermal medications are absorbed how?

Answer 31

through the skin. like a nicotine patch

Question 32

name that abbreviation! - MAD

Answer 32

mucosal atomizer device (for administering intranasal (IN) medications)

Question 33

a liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand:

Answer 33

a solution

Question 34

a substance ground into fine particles and evenly distributed throughout a liquid:

Answer 34

a suspension

Question 35

it is important that you do what before administering a suspension med?

Answer 35

shake or swirl it

Question 36

name that abbreviation! - MDI

Answer 36

metered dose inhaler

Question 37

describe a metered dose inhaler (MDI)

Answer 37

a mini spray canister used to direct substances through the mouth and into the lungs

Question 38

topical medications are...

Answer 38

lotions, creams, and ointments that go on skin

Question 39

a word of caution to the provider about transdermal medications would be...

Answer 39

do not get it on your skin. you will absorb the medication just as readily as the patient.

Question 40

a semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes...

Answer 40

a gel

Question 41

if you are all confused during any step in a medication administration process you should...

Answer 41

say so and ask for clarification. err on the side of caution.

Question 42

regarding the "rights" of medication administration "right patient" is especially important under what circumstances?

Answer 42

when there are multiple patients

Question 43

regarding the "rights" of medication administration right time means check what?

Answer 43

the medication expiration date

Question 44

regarding the "rights" of medication administration right education means you should do what?

Answer 44

explain to the patient the medication you're giving them, double check they have no allergies or sensitivities, inform them of any adverse effects

Question 45

regarding the "rights" of medication administration patients with decision making capacity can opt to do what?

Answer 45

refuse the medication or intervention (right to refuse)

Question 46

regarding the "rights" of medication administration the last step is...

Answer 46

right documentation. if you did not write it down it did not happen.

Question 47

peer-assisted medication happens when...

Answer 47

you are administering meds to yourself or your partner

Question 48

patient assisted medical happens when...

Answer 48

you are assisting a patient with their own medication

Question 49

emt administered medication happens when...

Answer 49

you, the provider, are directly administering a med to a patient

Question 50

hypoglycemia is when...

Answer 50

blood glucose level is extremely low

Question 51

oral glucose is preferable to table sugar (sucrose) and fruit sugar (fructose) because why?

Answer 51

glucose is a simple sugar that is more readily absorbed by the bloodstream. sucrose and fructose are complex sugars

Question 52

an analgesic does what?

Answer 52

reduces pain <3

Question 53

during a potential heart attack Aspirin is important because...

Answer 53

it inhibits platelet aggregation (clumping)

Question 54

nitroglycerin is prescribed for...

Answer 54

chest pain

Question 55

name that abbreviation! - MI

Answer 55

myocardial infarction (heart attack! ahh!)

Question 56

the primary medicine you will be administering intramuscularly:

Answer 56

epinephrine

Question 57

the typical dose of epinephrine:

Answer 57

0.3 mg

Question 58

the most commonly administered medication in the prehospital setting

Answer 58

oxygen babyyyyy :)

Question 59

nonrebreathing mask flow rate:

Answer 59

10-15 L/min

Question 60

nasal cannula flow rate:

Answer 60

2-6 L/min

Question 61

for oxygen use safety you must ensure there isn't any what in the surrounding area?

Answer 61

open flames, lit ciggys, sparks, fat joints, etc. no combustion here!!

Question 62

name that abbreviation! - SVNs

Answer 62

small volume nebulizers

Question 63

polypharmacy is a term referring to...

Answer 63

the use of multiple medications by one person

Question 64

patients might be taking these and not consider them medications (even though they might be just as potent as prescription meds)

Answer 64

herbal remedies, supplements, and OTC meds

Question 65

meds that decrease the ability of blood platelets to aggregate are...

Answer 65

antiplatelet (aspirin, clopidogrel/Plavix)

Question 66

meds that interfere with blood clotting mechanisms in the body are...

Answer 66

anticoagulants (warfarin/Coumadin, apixaban/Eliquis, rivaroxaban/Xarelto)

Question 67

patients taking antiplatelet and anticoagulant meds are predisposed to what?

Answer 67

bleeding 😱

Question 68

a medication error is...

Answer 68

the inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm