Chap 13 to 19 Flashcards
1
Q
Psommoma bodies
A
Classic - papillary carcinoma of thyroid
Other - endometrial ca (uterus) sporadic ( serous/ papillary type)
Meningioma( CNS)
2
Q
Signet ring cell
A
Classic - gastric carcinoma( linitis plastica)
Other - invasive lobular ca of breast
3
Q
Peripheral palisading
A
Basal cell carcinoma of skin
4
Q
Pseudopalisading
A
Glioblastoma multiforme
Necrosis surrounded by tumor cell
Adults
Malignant
GFAP positive
5
Q
Homer wright rosettes
A
Medulloblastoma
W - M
Children
Malignant
Drop metastasis to cauda equina
6
Q
Perivascular pseudo rosettes
A
Ependymoma
Children
4th ventricle
Hydrocephalus
7
Q
Rosenthal fibers
A
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Eosinophilic process of astrocytes
Children
Benign
Cerebellum
Cystic lesion with mural nodule
8
Q
Reinke crystals
A
Leydig cell tumor of testis
9
Q
Call exner bodies
A
Granulosa cell tumor
10
Q
Schiller duval bodies
A
Emryonal cell carcinoma of yolk sac tumor
Sr.AFP elevated
11
Q
Meigs syndrome
A
Fibroma
Sex cord stromal tumor
Pleural effusion
Ascitis
12
Q
Gleason grading
A
Prostatic ca
Based on architecture
13
Q
Periareolar mass with green brown discharge
A
Mammary duct ectasia
Post menopausal
14
Q
Subareolar mass with nipple retraction
A
Periductal mastitis
Ass with smoking ,vit a deficiency
15
Q
Mammographic calcification
A
Fat necrosis
Sclerosing adenosis In Fibrocystic disease
DCIS
16
Q
BRCA 1
A
Breast- invasive ductal( medullary type)
Ovary - serous cysadeno ca
17
Q
Single file pattern
A
Invasive lobular ca
18
Q
BRCA 2
A
Male breast ca
Subareolar mass with nipple discharge
19
Q
Desmopressin
A
Rx for central diabetes insipidus
Increases urine osmolarity
20
Q
Drug causing nephrogenic DI
A
Lithium
Demeclocycline
21
Q
Drug causing SIADH
A
Cyclophosphamide
Rx
Free water restriction
Demeclocycline
22
Q
Hyperthyroidism ass with
A
Hypocholesteremia
Hyperglycemia
Hypercalcemia
23
Q
Irregular follicle with scalloped colloid
A
Graves’ disease
24
Q
Hurtle cell
A
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Eosinophilic metaplasia of cells line follicle
Lymphocytic infiltration
25
Orphan Annie eye
Nuclear grooves
Psommoma bodies
Papillary ca of thyroid
26
Amyloid deposition in thyroid
Medullary ca
27
MEN 1
Pituitary adenoma
Parathyroid
Pancreatic adenoma
28
MEN 2A
Parathyroid adenoma
Medullary ca of thyroid
Pheochromocytoma
29
MEN 2B
Medullary ca of thyroid
Pheochromocytoma
Ganglioneuroma of oral mucosa
30
Osteitis fibrosa cystica
Primary hyperparathyroidism
```
Nephrocalcinosis
Nephrolithiasis
CNS disturbances
Poetic ulcer
Ac pancreatitis
Constipation
```
31
Renal osteodystrophy
Chronic renal failure
Due to increased PTH
32
Short stature
| Short 4th and 5th digits
Psudohypoparathyroidism
PTH high
Calcium low
33
Type 2 DM renal changes
Glomerulosclerosis- small scarred kidney
| Kimmelstiel Wilson nodule
34
Osmotic damage of Type 2 DM
Schwann cells- peripheral neuropathy
Retinal vessels- blindness
Lens- cataract
35
Gastrinoma
Resistant peptic ulcer
| Zollinger ellison
36
Somatostatinoma
Aclorhydria ( inhibits gastrin)
| Steatorrhea,cholilithiasis ( inhibition of CCK)
37
VIP oma
Watery diarrhea
Hypokalemia
Achlorhydria
38
hypertension
hypokalemia
met alkalosis
hyperaldosteronism
primary aldosterone high and low renin
secondary aldosterone high and high renin with edema
39
21 hydroxylase
hyponatremia
hyperkalemia
salt wasting
female - ambiguity
40
11 hydroxylase
hypertension
female -ambiguity
41
17 hydroxylase
hypertension
low androgen
male - undescended testis
42
pheochromocytoma associated with
MEN 2A and MEN 2B
Von hippel Lindau
neurofibromatosis type 1
43
pruritic erythematous oozing rash with edema
type 1 hyper
face and flexor surface
atopic dermatitis
44
salmon colored plaques with silvery white scales
psoriasis
45
acanthosis
parakeratosis
micromunroabcess(neutrophils)
auspitz sign
psoriasis
extensor surface
scalp
46
pruritic planar polygonal pink purple papule
lichen planus
47
reticular white line Wickham striae
| inflammation in dermal epidermal saw tooth appearance
lichen planus
wrist,elbow,oral mucosa
ass with chronic hepatitis c
48
autoantibody IgG against desmoglein
pemphigus vulgaris
49
antibody agaist hemidesmosome BP180
bullous pemphigoid
50
acantholysis supra basal blisters
tombstone appearance
nikolsky sign
fish net appearance (immuno)
pemphigus vulgaris
skin and oral mucosa
51
```
tense bull
linear pattern(immuno)
```
bullous pemphigoid
oral not involved
52
targetoid rash and bullae
| central necrosis surrounded by erythema
Erythema multiforme
```
ass with
HSV
mycoplasma pneumonia
SLE
malignancy
```
53
coin like waxy stuck on appearance
seborrheic keratosis
54
keratin pseudocyst
seborrheic keratosis
55
keratin pearls
sq cell ca
56
hyperkeratotic scaly plaques on face, back,neck
| "more felt than seen"
actinic keratosis
| precursor for Sq cell ca
57
pustules with erosion and dry crusted honey colored serum
in face
children
impetigo
58
pink umblicated papules
| children
molluscum contagiosa
pox virus
cytoplasmic inclusions (molluscum bodies)
59
mutation in fibroblast growth factor
| short extremities with normal central body
acondroplasia
60
```
carbonic anhydrase II mutation
thick bone
fracture
anemia,leukopenia,thrombocytopenia
hearing loss
hydrocephalus
renal tubular acidosis
```
osteopetrosis
rx
bone marrow transplant
61
```
thick bone
bone pain micro fracture
increasing hat size
lion face
hearing loss
```
pages disease of bone
isolated sralkaline phosphatase increase
62
sunburst appearance
| codman triangle
osteosarcoma
63
soap bubble appearance
giant cell tumor
64
onion skin appearance
ewings sarcoma
t(11,22)
65
Bouchard nodes PIP
| heberden nodes DIP
osteoarthritis
66
synovitis,pannus formation,ankylosis,
Rheumatoid arthritis
67
swan neck deformity PIP
| radial deviation
Rheumatoid arthritis
68
central zone of necrosis surrounded by epitheliod histiocytosis
Rheumatoid nodules
| In skin and visceral organ
69
bakers cyst
Rheumatoid arthritis
70
IgM antibody against Fc receptor of IgG
Rheumatoid factor
71
negative Rheumatoid factor
involves axial skeleton
HLA B27
seronegative spondyloarthropathy
72
bamboo spine
uveitis
aortitis
Ankylosis spondyloarthritis
73
arthritis
conjunctivitis
urethritis
reactive arthritis(chlamydia trachoma's 2 to 3 weeks after
74
white chalky crystals of uric acid (tophi) ,renal urate nephropathy
Gout
75
needle shaped crystals negative birefringence
gout
76
rhomboid shaped with week birefringence
pseudo gout
| calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate
77
b/l proximal muscle weakness
| with heliotrope rash,malar rash,gottron papule(red papules on elbow,knucke,knees)
dermatomyositis
ass with gastric ca
Perimysial inflammation,perifascicular atrophy CD4
polymyositis-no skin involvement
endomysial inflammation CD8
78
b/l proximal muscle weakness
| calf pseudohypertrophy
Duchenne muscular
X linked
ass with cardiac failure[myometrium]
79
absent cerebellum
| hydrocephalus
dandy walker malformation
80
hydrocephalus
| meningomyelocele
Arnold chiari II
81
lower motor and upper motor neuron weakness
no sensory involvement
atrophy and weakness of hand muscle
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
zinc copper superoxide dismutase mutation(SOD1)
82
ataxia
sensory loss(vibration, position)
lower limb muscle weakness
Freidrich ataxia
GAA
frataxin gene - Iron free radicle injury
ass with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
83
Charcot Bouchard microanurysm
| lenticulostiate vessels
hypertension
| intracerebral hge
84
worst headache with xanthochromia
| berry aneurysm
subarachnoid hge
berry ass with
marfans
Aut dom polycystic kidney
85
lens shaped
| middle meningeal artery
epidural hge
86
crescent shaped
| bridging veins
subdural hge
87
```
blurred vision
scanning speech
hemiparesis
loss of sensation
bladder,bowel,sexual dysfunction
```
multiple sclerosis
88
MRI - plaques
lumbar puncture - immunoglobulin
with oligoclonal IgG bands
myelin basic protein
multiple sclerosis
89
measles
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
90
JC virus
progressive multifocal encephalopathy
91
hyponatremia fast correction
central pontine myelinolysis
b/l paralysis
locked in syndrome
92
neuritic plaque
Alzheimer
| extracellular core of Abeta AMYLOID
93
neurofibrillary tangle
Alzheimer
| intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylater TAU protein
94
pick body
pick disease
| round aggregate of TAU protein
95
lewy body
parkinson disease
| round eosinophilic inclusion of alpha synuclein
96
dementia
gait abnormality
urinary incontinence
normal pressure hydrocephalus
97
prion protein
spongiform encephalopathy
| intracellular vacuoles-spongy degeneration
98
rapid progressive dementia
ataxia
startle myocolus
crutzfelt jacob
99
insomnia
| exaggerated startle response
familial fatal insomnia[ spongiform encephalopathy]
100
fried egg appearance
oligodendroglioma
| frontal lobe
101
HLA C
PSORIASIS
102
HLA B 27
ANKYLOSIS SPODYLOARTHRITIS
103
HLA DR2
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS[2 -Sclerosis]
104
HLA DR3 AND DR4
TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS
105
HLA DR4
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS [ 4 - Arthritis]
106
HLA DR5
HASHIMOTOS THYROIDITIS
107
Urinary incontinence
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
(Triad of dementia,gait abnormality,urinary incontinence)
```
Multiple sclerosis
(Bladder,bowel and sexual dysfunctions)
```
108
Complications of pagets disease
High output cardiac failure(AV malformations)
Osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma occurs with
B\L retinoblastoma
Paget’s disease
Radiation exposure
Other tumor ass with radiation exposure
Papillary ca of thyroid
109
Where all Paget’s disease
Pagets disease of bone
Cause unknown sometimes viral
Paget’s disease of nipple
Ass with DCIS
Extramammary Paget’s disease
Vulva
Not ass with carcinoma in situ
110
Lesion in face
Atopic dermatitis
Face and flexor surface
Seberrohic keratosis
Extremities and face
Actinic keratosis
Face back and neck
Impetigo
Children
Honey coloured crust
111
Oral mucosa lesions
Lichen planus
Wickham striae
Pemphigus vulgaris
Steven Johnson syndrome
