vascular,CVS Flashcards by Divyaradha Vashist

Headache,visual disturbance
in old adult
with fever, joint pain

Gaint cell arthritis
Jaw claudication
polymyalgia rheumatica

biopsy-gains cell and fibrosis
ESR elevated

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young adult with weak upper extremity with absent pulse

takayasu arteritis
visual and neurological sym
ESR elevated

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young adult with hypertension,abd pain Malena,neurological disturbance
no lung involvment

Polyarteritis Nodosa
hypertension[renal artery]
,abd pain Malena[mesentric artery]

ass with Hbsag
imaging-string of pearl app

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children with fever,conjuctivitis,erythematous rash in palm and soles
coronary artery involvement

Kawasaki disease

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smoking ass vasculitis

Buerger disease

ass with Raynaud

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Nasopharynx,lung and kidney involvment with necrotizing granulomatous

wegener granulomatis
C-ANCA positive
Nasopharyngeal ulcer
b/llung infiltrates
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

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Lung and kidney involvment
No nasopharynx
no granuloma

Microscopic Polyangitis

P-ANCA

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P anca positive with eosinophila and asthma

Chrug strauss syndrome

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palpable purpura in buttock and legs

GI bleeding

Henoch Schonlein purpura
IgA vasculitis
ass with IgA nephropathy foll upper respiratory infection

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secondary hypertension causes

Renal artery stenosis
old-atherosclerosis
young-fibromuscular dysplasia

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Maliganant hypertension

Acute renal failure
headache
papilledema

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Lipid laden macrophages

foam cell in atheroscerosis

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hemosiderin laden macrophages

Heart failure cell in pulmonary edema

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Hyaline arterioloscerosis

benign hypertension
diabetes
chronic renal failutr

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Hyperplastic arterioloscerosis

Malignant hypertension
onion skin app
Acute renal failure with flea bitten app

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onion skin app

Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
Ewings sarcoma of bone
Primary sclerosing cholangitis(beaded app)

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Aortic dissection causes

older -hypertension

young-marfans,ehler danos

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Tree bark app of aorta

Thoracic anurysm - tertiary syphilis

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Pulsatile mass
hypertension
flank pain

Abd aorta aneurysm

cause-atherosclerosis,male,smoker

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HHV 8

Kaposi sarcome
purple patch plaque noodles on skin
low garde malignancy
in AIDS
immunosupression

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chest pain on exertion

stable angina

ecg - ST depression -sunendo ischemia

chest pain on rest

Unstable angina

ecg - ST depression -sunendo ischemia

coronary vasospasm

Prinzmetal angina

ecg - ST elevation-transmural ischemia

Troponin I

MI most sensitive marker

CK-MB-for reinfarct

MI 4 to 24 hr

dark discoloration coagulative necrosis comp arrhythmia

MI < 4 hr

cops cardiogenic shock arrhythmia

MI 1 to 3 days

yellow pallor Neutrophil comp firinous pericarditis

MI 4 to 7 days

yellow pallor macrophages ``` comp rupture of wall-cardiac tamponade interventricular septum-shunt papillary muscle -Mitral regurgitation ```

MI 1 to 3 week

Red border | granulation tissue

MI months

White scar fibrosis comp aneurysm dressler syndrome

sudden cardiac death

acute ischemia-vent. arrhythmia mitral valve proplase cardiomyopatrhy

left heart failure

causes-MI,DCM,Ischemia pulm edema-dyspnea,PND,Orthopnea,crackles Fluid retention

right heart failure

``` causes-lung disease left heart failure JVP painful hepatospleenomegaly-nutmeg liver pedal edema ```

Acute rheumatic fever

*Migratory polyartgritis *pancarditis- Endocarditis MR myocarditis-Ascoff body-foci of chronic inflammation,histiocytes with wavy slender nuclei[Anitschkow cells] *Subcutaneous nodule *Erythema marginatum-nonpruritic rash in trunk and limbs *Syndenham chorea

crescendo decrescendo murmur | systolic ejection click

Aortic stenosis m/c wear and tear then chr rheumatic

Blowing diastolic murmur bounding pulse Quinke pulse-nailed head bobbing

Aortic regurgitation | isolated root dilation

Midsystolic click with regurgitant murmor

``` MVPS myxoid degeneration-marfan,ehler comp- IE MR ```

Pansystolic murmur

Mitral regurgitation causes-from MVP acute rh fever MI 4 to 7 days

Paradoxical emboli

ASD

MDM with opening snal

Mitral stenosis' comp atrial fibrillation-mural thrombi

endocarditis in damaged valve

streptococci viridans suns cute-small vegetation chr rheumatic -MS and AS mitral valve prolapse

endocarditis in normal valve

staph aureus IV drug abusers acute- large

endocarditis in prosthetic valve

staph epidermidis

endocarditis in colorectal ca

Strep bovis

Janeway lesion

nontender erythematous lesion in palm and soles osler node- tender lesion on finger and toe splinter hge- nail beds Roth spots-embolization of septic vegetation

sterile vegetation

``` Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis in hyoercoagulable state or in Adeno ca leads to mitral regurgitation Libman sacks in SLE leads to mitral regurgitation ```

Dilation of all four chamber

``` Dilated cardiomyopathy idiopathic other coxsackie doxorubicin pregnancy or childbirth[peripartum cardiomyopathy] alcohol hemochromatosis ```

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

genetic mutation -AD ass with Friedrich ataxia sudden death -due to arrhythmia in young athletes bxiopsy-myofiber disarray

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Amyloidosis sarcoidosis LOEFFLER SYNDROME- endomyocardial fibrosis with easinophilic infiltrate and eosinophilia ECG- low voltage with diminished QRS

Atrial Myxoma

Left atrium benign pedunculate mass -cause syncope due to obstruction of mitral valve

Rhabdomyoma

ventricles | ass with tuberous sclerosis

Meatstasis to heart

Breast lung melanoma