Chap 15

Question 0

Reduction is performed by

Answer 0

Nadh

Question 1

Essential elements

Answer 1

c
H
O
B
S
P

Question 2

What does biosynthesis require?

Answer 2

Essential elements
Reduction
Energy

Question 3

Cost saving strategies

Answer 3

Regulation
Genome degradation
Secondary products

Question 4

Who uses the Calvin cycle?

Answer 4

Oxygenic phototrophic bacteria
Chloroplasts
Facultatively anaerobic purple bacteria
Lithographic bacteria 
(Not archaea)

Question 5

Calvin cycle (aka _____________)

Answer 5

Reductive Pentose phosphate cycle

Question 6

Each turn of the Calvin cycle has three main phases

Answer 6

Carboxylation and splitting of ribulose (catalyze by rubisco)
Reduction of PGA to G3P
Regeneration of ribulose

Question 7

Rubisco has ____________ like ribosomes

Answer 7

Large and small subunits

Question 8

What does rubisco do?

Answer 8

Catalyzes the condensation of co2 to ribulose

Highly conserved

Question 9

Rubisco is contained in ______\\

Answer 9

Carboxysomes (polyhedral shape)

Question 10

Carboxyzomes take up _________ which is then converted to co2 by _______________

Answer 10

Bicarbonate

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 11

Calvin cycle does not play a role in __________________

Answer 11

Anaerobic co2 fixation

Question 12

Anaplerotic reactions

Answer 12

Regeneration steps in the TCA

Question 13

TCA cycle is found _______

Answer 13

In all three domains

Question 14

Methanogenes

Answer 14

Reductive acetyl coa pathway

Question 15

FAS

Answer 15

Fatty acid synthase

Question 16

Four steps of FAS

Answer 16

1 molecules of acetyl coa are carboxylated
2 the coenzyme A is replaced by Scylla carrier protein (acp)
3 malonyl- ACPcondenses te growing chain
4 the growing chain now contained a ketone

Question 17

Many bacteria synthesize polyesters such as

Answer 17

Polyhydroxybutyrate

Question 18

Polyketides

Answer 18

Diverse group of metabolizes that include broad spectrum antibiotic, erythromycin

Question 19

What synthesized Polyketides?

Answer 19

Modular enzyme

Question 20

Polyketides are built by successive condensation of ___________

Answer 20

Malonyl ACP units (each with a unique r group)

Question 21

How do most bacteria assimilate NH4?

Answer 21

Condensing it
2 oxogluterate to form glutamate
Or glutamate to form
Glutamine

Question 22

First purine made is ______ then converted to _________

Answer 22

Inosine

Amp or GNP

Question 23

Pyramidine path

Answer 23

Uracil first

Then cmp or tmp

Question 24

Tetrapyrroles

Answer 24

Conjugated ring systems that include chlorophylls, hemes, and coenzyme B12

Question 25

Pyrrole is generated by __________ or ___________

Answer 25

Glutamate pathway | Glycine succinate pathway