Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Teminology Pre Req > Chap 3 Bones > Flashcards

Chap 3 Bones Flashcards

0
Q

Myel/o

A

Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Oss/e, oss/i, oste/o, ost/o

A

Bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ligament/o

A

Ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Synovi/o, synov/o

A

Synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Burs/o

A

Bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ossification

A

Process of turnin into bone 3 months baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Periosteum

A

Tough fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone

Peri- surrounding
Oste- bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Compact bone

A

Also know as cortical bone

dense, hard, very strong bone that forma protective outer layer of bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Spongy bone

A

Known as cancellous bone
Lighter, not as strong,
Commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones
Red bone marrow is located with spongy bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Central cavity located in the shaft of long bone

Medullary means pertaining to inner section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Endosteum

A

The tissue that lines the medullary cavity

End- within
Oste- bone
Um- noun ending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Red bone marrow

A

Located within spongy bone,

Hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hemopoietic

A

Pertaining to the formation of blood cells
Hem/o- blood
Poietic- pertaining to formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

Fat storage area, composed of fat cells and is located in the medullary cavity of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cartilage

A

Smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue, shock absorber between bones, more elastic then bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints
Makes move joint movement possible and protects the bone from rubbing agains each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Meniscus

A

The curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints, such as the knee and the temporomandibular joint of the jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of a long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Epiphyses

A

Wider ends of long bone

Covered with articular cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Foramen

A

Opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Process

A

Normal projection on the surface of a bone
Most commonly serves as an attachment for a muscle or tendon
Sticks out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Joints

A

Also known as articulations

Place of union between two or more bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fibrous joints

A

Consisting of inflexible later o dense connective tissue,
Hold bones tightly together
In adults known as sultures
Do not allow any movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Fontanelles

A

Known as the soft spots

Normally present on the skull of a newborn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

Allow only slight movement and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Synovial joints

A

Where two bones articulate to permit a verity of motions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Two types of synovial joints

A

Ball and socket joints - allow. Wide range of movement in many directions

Hinge joints - allow movement primarily in one direction or plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Synovial capsule

A

Outermost layer of strong fibrous tissue

Resembles a sleeve as it surrounds the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Lines the capsule and secretes synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Flows within the synovial cavity

Acts as a lubricant to make the smooth movement of the joint possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Ligaments

A

Are bands of fibrous tissue that form joints by connecting one bone to another bone or by joining a bone cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Bursa

A

Fibrous sac that acts as a cushion to ease movement in areas that are subject to friction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Protects major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems
80 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Makes body movement possible and also protects the organs of digestion, excretion, and reproduction
126 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Skull

A

8 bones that form cranium
14 bones the form the face,
6 bones in the middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Cranium

A

Portion of skull that protects the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Frontal bone

A

Forms the forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Parental bones

A

Form most of the roof and upper sides of the cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Occipital bone

A

Back part of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Temporal bones

A

Sides and base of cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

External auditory meats

A

Outer ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Bone at base of skull

Makes contact with all of the other cranial bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

Ought spongy located at the tood and sides of the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Nasal bones

A

Form upper part of the bridge of the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Zygomatic bones

A

Cheekbones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Maxillary bones

A

Form upper jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Palatine bones

A

Form anterior part of hard palate of the mouth and floor of nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Lacrimal bones

A

Make up part of the orbit (eye sockey( at the inner angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Inferior conchae

A

Thin, scroll like bones that form part of the interior of the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Vomer bone

A

Forms the base for the nasal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Mandible

A

Jawbone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Rib cage

Protects heart and lungss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Ribs

A

Costals (12)
1-7- true ribs
8-10 false ribs
11-12 floating ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Sternum

A

Breast bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Manubrium

A

Bone structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Body of the sternum

A

Bone structure that forms the middle portion of the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Xiphoid process

A

Structure made of cartilage that forms the lower portion of the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Pectoral girdle

A

Supports the arms and hands

Shoulder griddle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Clavicle

A

Collar bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Acromion

A

Extension of the scapula that forms the high point of the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Humerus

A

Bones of the upper arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

radius

A

Smaller and shorter bone in the forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Ulna

A

Larger and longer bone of the forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Olecranon process

A

Funny bone

Large projection on the upper end of the ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Carpals

A

(8) carpals form wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Metacarpal

A

5 bones that form palms and hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Phalanges

A

14 bones of the fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Spinal column

A

Vertebral column
Supports head and body
26 vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Body of vertebrae

A

Anterior portion o vertebrae

Provide strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Lamina

A

Posterior portion of vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Vertebral foranen

A

Opening in the middle of the vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Intervertebral disks

A

Seperate and cushion the vertebrae form each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

C1-C7

First set of 7 vertebrae form the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Thoracic vetebrae

A

T1-T12

Second set of 12 vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Lumbar vertebrae

A

L1-L5

Make up the third set of 5 vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Sacrum

A

Slightly curved triangular shaped bone near the base of the spine

Forms the lower portion of the back

(5 diff bone at birth. 1 as adult)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Coccyx

A

Tailbone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Protects internal organs and supports lower extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Ilium

A

Forms the back and sides of the pubic bone

82
Q

Sacroiliac

A

Slightly movable articulation between The sacrum and posterior articulation between the sacrum and posterior portion of the ilium

83
Q

Ischium

A

Forms the lower posterior portion of the pubic bone

Bears weight of the body when sitting

84
Q

Pubis

A

Forms anterior portion of the public bone

Located below urinary bladder

85
Q

Pubic bones

A

Ilium , ischium, pubis

Form together as child matures and form rught and left Pubic bones

86
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Cartilaginous joint that unites left and right pubic bones

87
Q

Acetabulum

A

Hip socket

88
Q

Femurs

A

Largest bones in the body

Known as thigh bones

89
Q

Patella

A

Knee cap

90
Q

Popliteal

A

Behind knee

91
Q

Cruciate ligaments

A

Make knee movement possible

92
Q

Tibia

A

Shinbone

93
Q

Fibula

A

Smaller of the two bones of the lower leg

94
Q

Malleolus

A

Rounded honey projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint

95
Q

Talus

A

Ankle bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula

96
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone

97
Q

Metatarsals

A

From the part of the foot which the toes and attached

98
Q

Phalanges

A

Bones of the toes

99
Q

Chiropractor

A

Treats disorders of misalignment if the spine

100
Q

Orthopedic surgeon

A

Diagnose and treat disease and disorders involving bones, joints and muscles

101
Q

Osteopath

A

Treat health problems by spinal manipulation.

102
Q

Podiatrist

A

Diagnose and treat disorders of the foot

Pod- foot
Iatrist- speacialist

103
Q

Rheumatologist

A

Arthritis specialist

104
Q

Ankylosis

A

Loss or absence of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure

105
Q

Arthrosclerosis

A

Stiffness of the joints

Especially in the elderly

106
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the bursa

107
Q

Chondrinalacia

A

Abnormal softening of cartilage

108
Q

Chondroma

A

Slow growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells

109
Q

Costochondritis

A

Inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum

110
Q

Halluxinating valgus

A

Also known as a bunion
Abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

Hallux- bug toe
Valgus- bent

111
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

Blood within a joint

112
Q

Synovitis

A

Inflammation of the synovial memvrane that results in swelling and pain of the affected joint

113
Q

Dislocation

A

Known as luxation

Total displacement of the bone from its joint

114
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial displacement of the bone from its joint

115
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammatory condition of one or more joints

116
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Also know as wear and tear arthritis

Most common in aging

117
Q

Sponsylsis

A

Spinal osteoarthritis

Loss of normal Spinal structure and function

118
Q

Gouty arthritis

A

Known as gout

Type of. Arthritis characterized by deposits of Uric acid in the joints

119
Q

Uric acid

A

By product that is normally excreted by the kidneys

120
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Known as RA

chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of the other body systems are attacked

121
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joins between the vertebrae

122
Q

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

A

Autoimmune disorder that effects children ages 16 or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, grown slow, fatigue

123
Q

Herniated disk

A

Known as slipped and ruptured disk

Breaking apart of the intervertebral disk that results in pressure on spinal nerve roots

124
Q

Lumbago

A

Low back pain

125
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebrae and sacrum below it

Spondyl/o- vertebrae
Listhesis- slipping

126
Q

Spina bifida

A

Defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal cord fails to close completely around the spinal ped to protect it

127
Q

Kyphosis

A

Hunch back

128
Q

Lordosis

A

Butt sticks out and stomach out

129
Q

Scoliosis

A

S shaped spine

130
Q

Craniostenosis

A

Malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sultures

131
Q

Fibrous Dysplasia

A

Bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaced it with fibrous tissue

132
Q

Ostealgia

A

Pain in the bone

133
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Known as adult rickets

Abnormal softening of bones in adults

134
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone

135
Q

Osteonecrosis

A

Death of bone tissue due to insufficient blood supply

136
Q

Paget’s disease

A

Bone disease of unknown cause

137
Q

Periostitis

A

Inflammation of the periosteum

138
Q

Rickets

A

deficiency disease occuring in children

Defective bone growth

139
Q

Short stature

A

Known as dwarfism

Condition resulting from the failure of the bones of the limbs to grow to appropriate length compared to head and trunk

140
Q

Talipes

A

Known as club foot

Any congenital deformity of he foot involving the talus

141
Q

Primary bone cancer

A

Rare malignant tumor that originated in a bone

142
Q

Secondary bone cancer

A

Tumors that have metastasized (spread) to bones from other organs such as breasts and lungs

143
Q

Myeloma

A

Type of cancer occurs in kood makin cells doing the the red bone marrow

144
Q

Osteochondroma

A

Benign bony projection covered with cartilage

145
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging

Osteo- bone
Por- small opening
Osis- diseas

146
Q

Osteopenia

A

Thinner than average bone density

147
Q

Osteoporotic hip fracture

A

Broken hip

148
Q

Fracture

A

Broken bone

149
Q

Closed fracture

A

Simple Fracture or complete fracture

Bone is broken but no open skin

150
Q

Open francture

A

Known as compound fracture

Bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin

151
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

Incomplete fracture
One in which the bone is bent and only partially broken
Primarily in children

152
Q

Oblique fracture

A

Occurs at an angle across the bone

153
Q

Pathologic fracture

A

Occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain

154
Q

Spiral fracture

A

Fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart

155
Q

Stress fracture

A

Which is an overuse injury

Small crack in the bone that often develos from chronic excessive impact

156
Q

Transverse fracture

A

Occurs straight across the bone

157
Q

Fat embolus

A

Any foreign matter circulating in the blood that can become lodged and block the blood vessels

158
Q

Creputation

A

Grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together

159
Q

Radiograph

A

X-Ray

160
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Visual examination Of the internal structure of a joint

161
Q

Bone marrow biopsy

A

Diagnostic test that may be necessary after abnormal types or numbers or red or white blood cells are found in a complete blood count test

162
Q

Bone marrow aspiration

A

Use of syringe to withdraw the liquid bone marrow

163
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Used to image soft tissue structures such as the interior of complex joints

164
Q

Bone density testing (BDT)

A

Used to determine losses or changes in bone density

165
Q

Ultrasonic bone density testing

A

Screening test for osteoporosis or other condition that cause a loss of bone mass

166
Q

Dual x-Ray absorptiometry

A

low exposure radio graphic measurement of the spine and hops to measure bone density

167
Q

Bone marrow transplant (BMT)

A

Used to test certain types of cancer

168
Q

Allogenic bone marrow transplant

A

Uses healthy bone marrow cells from compatible donor; often a sibling

169
Q

Autologous bone marrow transplant

A

The patient receives his own bone marrow cells which have been harvested cleansed and treated and stored before the remaining bone marrow in the patients body is destroyed

170
Q

Autologous

A

Means originating with an individual

171
Q

Orthotic

A

mechanical appliance such as a leg brace or splint

172
Q

Prosthesis

A

Substitute for a missing body part

173
Q

Arthrodesis

A

Surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint

174
Q

Arthrolysis

A

Surgical loosing of an ankylosis joint

175
Q

Arthroscopic surgery

A

Minimal invasive procedure for the treatment of the interior of a joint

176
Q

Chondroplasty

A

Surgical repair of damaged cartilage

177
Q

Synovectomy

A

Surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint

178
Q

Arthriplasty

A

Surgical repaid of a damaged joint

179
Q

Total knee replacement

A

All or parts of the knee were replaced

180
Q

Partial knee replacement

A

Only part of knee was replaced

181
Q

Hip resurfacing

A

Alternative to removing the head of the femur

182
Q

Revision surgery

A

Replacement of a worn of faulty implant

183
Q

Percutaneous diskectomy

A

Performed to treat a herniated intervertebral disk

184
Q

Percutaneous vertebroplasty

A

Performed to treat osteoporosis related compression fractures

185
Q

Laminectomy

A

Surgical removal of a lamina or posterior portion of a vertebra

186
Q

Spinal fusion

A

Technique to immobilize part of the spine by joining together two or more vertebrae

187
Q

Craniectomy

A

Surgical removal of a portion of the skull

188
Q

Craniotomy

A

Surgical incision of opening into the skull

189
Q

Cranioplasty

A

Surgical repair of he skull

190
Q

Osteoclasis

A

Surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity

191
Q

Ostectomy

A

Surgical removal of bone

192
Q

Osteoplasty

A

Surgical repair of a bone or bones

193
Q

Osteorrhaphy

A

Surgical suturing or wiring together of bones

194
Q

Osteotomy

A

Surgical cutting of a bone

195
Q

Periosteotomy

A

Incision through theb periosteum to the bone

196
Q

Closed reduction

A

Known as manipulation

Attempted realignment of the bone involved in a fracture or joint dislocation

197
Q

Open reduction

A

When a closed reduction is not practical

198
Q

Immobilization

A

Known as stabilization

Act of hiding, suturing, or fastening the bone in a fixed positions with strapping or a cast

199
Q

Traction

A

Pulling force exerted on a limb in a distal direction in an effort to return the bone or joint to Norma alignment

200
Q

External fixation

A

Fracture treatment procedure in which pins are placed through the soft tissues and bone so that an external appliance can be used to hold the pieces of bone firmly in place during healing

201
Q

Internal fixation

A

Known as open reduction internal fixation

Fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place

202
Q 
Abbreviation for 
Bone density testing
Fracture
Oateoarthritis 
Osteoporosis 
Total hip arthroplasty
Total knee arthroplasty
A 
BDT
Fx
OA
OP
THA 
TKA

Med Teminology Pre Req (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions