chap 30

Question 1

sporophyte vs gametophyte gens in nonv plants (mosses, ferns, etc)

Answer 1

dominant gametophyte gen

sporophyte is only for rep. is produced by the gametophyte gen

recessive sporophyte gen –> spores through meiosis

dominant gametophyte (n) –> gametes through mitosis

Question 2

sporophyte vs gametophyte gens in seedless v plants

Answer 2

dominant sporophyte gen (2n) –> spores through meiosis

gametophyte (n) –> gametes through mitosis

Question 3

sporophyte vs gametophyte gens in seed plants

Answer 3

longer-lived phase - dominant sporophyte gen (2n) –> spores through meiosis

gametophyte (n) –> gametes through mitosis

Question 4

seeds & pollen – adapt for arid env

Answer 4

pollen can move seed away from bodies of water and allow it to grow
seeds can also remain dormant

Question 5

angiosperms characteristics

Answer 5

seeds
flowers
fruits
seed is enclose ovule
pollen
ovules
wood

Question 6

gymnosperms characteristics

Answer 6

pollen
ovules
seeds
woods
use spores + seeds in rep
seed isnt dev in the ovule

Question 7

coevolution between land plants and animals

Answer 7

– plants evolved defenses against some herbivores
– traits likable by pollinators are selected by angiosperms = greater speciation

Question 8

dispersal mechanisms of nonv plants

Answer 8

spores are released from the sporophytes (spore producing plant)

Question 9

dispersal mechanisms of seedless v plants

Answer 9

wind and water

Question 10

dispersal mechanisms of angiosperms

Answer 10

pollinators, wind, animals,

Question 11

dispersal mechanisms of gymnosperms

Answer 11

wind and animals

Question 12

life cycle of nonv plants

Answer 12

spore (n) –> haploid divides by mitosis –> male/fem gametophyte DOMINANT (n) –> sperm swims to find egg –> fertilization –> zygote 2n –> sporophyte 2n - dependent on gametophytes –> meiosis of the sporangium 2n –> spore n

Question 13

life cycle of seedless plants

Answer 13

spore (n) –> mitosis –> male/fem gametophyte (n) –> sperm swims with their flagella to find egg –> fertilization (2n) –> zygote 2n –> mitosis –> sporophyte DOMINANT 2n –> sporangium 2n –> meiosis –> spores n

Question 14

life cycle of gymnosperms plants

Answer 14

cone (2n) –> ovule 2n –> megasporangium 2n –> meiosis –> female gametophyte 2n /// pollen cones –> microsporangium 2n –> meiosis create pollen grains n –> fertilization (2n) –> mitosis = embryo 2n –> seeds 2n –> mature sporophyte 2n –> spores 2n

Question 15

life cycle of angiosperms

Answer 15

flowering plant (2n) –> ovule 2n –> meiosis –> megasporangium (n) ///
pollen sacs (2n) –> meiosis –> male gametophyte/microspore (n) –> polen grain enter the stigma n –> go to the ovule n –> double fertilization (2n) –> zygote 2n, endosperm 3n –> mitosis = sporophyte 2n –> spores 2n

Question 16

human influence in angiosperm diversification

Answer 16

due to high amount of artificial selection, the angiosperms’ lose genetic diversity

Question 17

phylogenetic relationships between plants
-ovule
-pollen
-vascular tissue
-seeds
-flowers
-broad leaves
-fruits
-endosperms
-wood
-branched veins

Answer 17

vascular tissue > broad leaves + branched veins (seedless vascular plants) > wood, ovules, seeds, pollens (gymnosperms) > flowers, fruits, endosperms (angiospersm)

Question 18

homospory

Answer 18

production of identical spores

Question 19

heterospory

Answer 19

production of different types of spores

Question 20

endosperm

Answer 20

part of the seed that acts as food store for the developing embryo.

Question 21

double fertilization

Answer 21

fe. 1 - sperm (n) fuses with egg (n) – zygote (2n)
fe. 2 - sperm (n) in male gamenophyte fuses with the center of the seed and makes an endosperm (3n)

Question 22

secondary metabolite

Answer 22

a organic compound that isnt useful for plant growth and dev
can be used for defense.

Question 23

conifer

Answer 23

cone-bearing seed plants – christmas tree