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Psych 321: Social Psych > chaps 11-14 > Flashcards

chaps 11-14 Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

What is attraction?

A

Anything that draws two or more people together, making them want to possibly engage in long lasting relationship

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2
Q

What is social acceptance?

A

A situation in whcih other peoplehave come to like, respectyou approve of you, and include you in their groups or relationships.

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3
Q

What is rejection?

A

Being prevented by pothers from formingor keepinga social bondwith the; the oppiste of acceptance

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4
Q

What is the need to beloing?

A

The desire to form close lasting relationships with others

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5
Q

What ius Ingratiatin?

A

What people actively do to try and gewt someone to like them

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6
Q

What is self monitoring?

A

Thje ability to change one’s behavior in different situations

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7
Q

What is matching hypothesis?

A

The proposition that otherstend to pair up with others tht are equally attracgtive

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8
Q

`What is reinforcement theory?

A

The proposigtion that people and animals will perform behaviors that have been rewarded more than they will peerform other behaviors

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9
Q

/What is propiquinty

A

Being near someone oin a regualr basis

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10
Q

What is social allergy effet?

A

The idea that a partners annoying habits become more anoying overtime

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11
Q

What is the What is beautiful is good effect

A

Basically the halo effect, physical atteaxctiveness transfers make those seem superior in other categories

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12
Q

What is ostracism?

A

Beingf excluded rejected and ignored by others

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13
Q

What is rejection sensitivity?

A

A tendency to expect rejection from others and to become hypersensative to possiblerejection

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14
Q

What is loneliness?

A

The painful feeling of wanting more human contact than you have

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15
Q

What is the bad apple effect?

A

The idea that one person who breaks the rules can insire others to break the rules as well

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16
Q

What is unrequited love?

A

A situation where one persons loves another but it is not reciprical

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17
Q

What is stalking?

A

Persisting in romantic behaviors that frighten and harass the rejector

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18
Q

What is Passionate love?

A

Stong feelings of longing desire and excitement toward ba special person

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19
Q

What is companionate love?

A

Mutual understanding and caring to make relationship succeed

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20
Q

What is passion?

A

An emotional state charecterized by high bodily arrousal such as increased heart rate and vblood preassure

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21
Q

What is intamacy

A

A feeling of closeness, mutual understanding, and mutual concern for each others welfare and happiness

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22
Q

Whatis commitment?

A

A conscious decision that remains constant

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23
Q

What are exchange relationships?

A

Based on reciprocity nsd fairness in which people expect something in return

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24
Q

What are communal relationships?

A

Relationships based on mutal love and concern, w/o expectation of repayment

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25
What is attachement theory?
A theory that classifies people into four attachment styles based on two dimenssions
26
In relation to attachment theory what are the four main attachment styles
Secure, preoccupied, dismmissing and avoidant
27
What are the two dimnssions?
Anxiety and avoidant
28
What is secure attachment?
people are low on anxietyand avoidanc; trust partners, share feelings; enjoy relqationships
29
What are Preoccupied attachments?
People are low on avoidance but high in anxiety- what to enjoy closeness nbut worry thewir partners will leave them
30
What are Dissmissing avoidant attachments?
People are low on anxiety but high on avoidance, ted to view partners as unreliabnle, unavaliable and uncaring
31
What are fearful avoidant attachments?
People have high anxiety and avoidance- tend to have low opinions of themselves and avoid others or keep them from getting close
32
What is the investment model?
Theory that uses three factors, satisfactyion, investment, and alrternatives to asseswhy people stay or leave
33
What is relationship enhancing styles of attribution?``
Tendency of hapoy couples t attributetheir partnersgood acts to internal factors and bad acts to external factors
34
What is distress maintaining style of attribution?
Tendency of unhappy cuples to attribute their partners good actsto external factors and bad acts to internal factors
35
What is the social constuctionist theory of sexuality?
Attitudes, behaviors, sexual desire, and sexual behavior are strongly shaoped by culture ad socilizarion
36
What is evoilutionary thery?
Sex drive has been shaped by natural selection and that its forms thus tend to be innate
37
What is social exchange theory
Seeks t analyze cost and benefits of interacting with eacho other to understand social behavior
38
What is the coolidge effect?
Theory that posits you are more aroused with a new partner than familiar one
39
What is erotic plasticity?
`The degree to which the sex drive can be shaped and altered by social, cultural, and situational forces
40
What is extradydac sex?
HGaving sex wth someone other than one's regualr relationship partner
41
What is social reality?
Beliefs held in common by several or many peopl;e; public awareness
42
What isPaternity uncertanty?
Some folks cannot be sure if the child is theres
43
What is double standard?
Cindemiing women more than men for same sexual behavior
44
What is prejudice?
A negative feelingtoward an individual based solely on his or her membership in a particular group
45
Whatg is racism?
Prejudiced attitudes toward a articular race + power in society
46
`What is aversive racism?
Simultaneously holding egalitartian values and negative feelings toward people of other races
47
What is discirmination?
Harmful acts of violence physical por emptional directed at other groups based on an individuals antagonism towards that group
48
Whart are stereotypes?
Beliefs that associate groups of people with certain traits
49
Whar are subtypes
excptions to a stereotype that are used as mechanisms to justifty sterotypes legitamacy
50
What is categorixzation
Naural tendency for hmans to sort things into groups- cog misers
51
What is social categorization?
Process of sorting people into groups based on charecteristics
52
What are outgroup membrs?
People who belong to different group or category than we do
53
What are in group members
people who belong to same group as us
54
What is outgroup homogenity bias
Assumption that outgeroup memebers are more similar than ingroup members
55
What is stigma by association?
Rejectionof thoise who accociate with stigmatized other
56
What is homophobia
excessdive hatred of those who ascrbe themselves as homosexual
57
What are stigmas?
Charectyeristics of individualsthat are cinsidered socially unacceptable
58
What is in group favoritism?
preferential treatment of ingroup members
59
What is miniaml group effect?
People show favoritism to in group members eeven when it is randomly determined
60
What are superordinate goals?
Goals that are achieved by cordinating and working with others
61
What is realistic conflict theory?
We are in constant competition for resources
62
What is competition?
Situation where people can obtain their goals only if others do not
63
What is cooperation?
Situation in which people must work together wih others to help achieve goals
64
What is the discontinuity effect?
The finding that groups are more extreme and often more hostile than individuals
65
What is contact hypothesis?
The idea that regular interaction between members of different gorups reduces prejudice providing that it occurs under favorable conditions
66
What is salience?
Being obvious or staning out?
67
What is scapegoat theory?
The idea hat blaming problems and misfortunes on outgroups contributes to negative attitudes towardss these outgroups
68
What is self serving bias
People take creit for sucess nut refuse blame for problems
69
What is confirmation bias?
Focusing more on evidence that reaffirms ones worldview
70
What ois sewlf fufiling prophecy?
A preduction that ensures, or causes - by behavior- smething to cme true
71
WHAT IS SELF DEFATING PROPHECY?
A predictionn by behavior it generares that it will not come true
72
What is sterotype threat?
The fear that one myight confirm stereotypes others hold
73
What is a group?
A collection of at least two people who are doing something together
74
What is deindividuatin?
The loss of self awareness and individuals accountability in a group
75
What is evaluation apprehension?
Concern about how others are judging you an or your performance
76
What is dominant response?
Most common reaction to given sitution
77
What is social facilia=tation theoryu?
Presence of others increases doinant response tendency
78
What is social loafing?
FInding that people reduce effort ewhen working in a group
79
What is the bad apple effect?
One social loafer can cause others to social loaf as ell
80
What is altruistic punishment?
People will sometimes sacrafice own gain for greater good
81
Whagt is the commons dillema?
Shared or jjointly owned resourcesto be squandered and not used in an optimal or adventateous fashion
82
What os brainstroming?
Creative thinking in groups
83
What is a transactive memory ?
A process which members of a small group remenber different kinds of info
84
What is group hink
Tendency of group members to think alike
85
What is self censorship?
Choosing not to express doubts or other information that goes against a groups pans and views
86
What is a risky shift ?
A tendency for groups to take greater risks thsan the same individuals would have decided to take individually
87
What is group polarization effect?
A shift towards a more extreme position resulting from groupo discussin
88
Wht are ;egitamitizing myths?
Explinations used to justify why people in m power deserve to be i power

Psych 321: Social Psych (10 decks)

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