Chapter 1

Question 1

using concepts to understand plants

this contains the information from their parents.

Answer 1

seeds

Question 2

conifers, also known as ____________, don’t produce flowers.

Answer 2

gymnosperms

Question 3

true or false

plants are highly integrated organisms.

Answer 3

true

Question 4

origin of plants

over how many plant species exist today?

Answer 4

297, 000

Question 5

the ____________ was slowly developed starting before the 1400s with four basic tenets.

Answer 5

scientific method

Question 6

scientific method

physical forces that control the world are constant
through time and the same everywhere.

Answer 6

constancy and universality

Question 7

using concepts to understand plants

this pertains to applying human characteristics to non-human organisms or things.

Answer 7

anthropomorphism

Question 8

origin of plants

these plants evolved 100–120 million years ago.

Answer 8

flowering plants

Question 9

origin of plants

all organisms fit into three large group domains, namely:

Answer 9

bacteria, archaea, and eukarya

Question 10

these plants lack true leaves, stems, and roots.

Answer 10

moss(es)

Question 11

true or false

plants do not have the purpose or decision-making capacity

Answer 11

true

Question 12

the study of plants

two types of information encountered during studies.

Answer 12

observations and interpretations

Question 13

origin of plants

plants, fungi, animals, and algae are under which type of cell?

Answer 13

eukayotes (eukaryotic cells)

Question 14

origin of plants

life on earth began about 3.5 million years ago with what?

Answer 14

prokaryotes (prokaryotic cells)

Question 15

true or false

is carbon dioxide considered a green house gas?

Answer 15

true

Question 16

algae and global warming

what factor drags the dead bodies of the coccoliths into the cold depths of the ocean?

Answer 16

density

Question 17

algae and global warming

what microscopic algae makes shells out of calcium carbonate?

Answer 17

coccolithophorids (or coccolithophores)

Question 18

using concepts to understand plants

what guides the interaction of plants with its environment which has slowly evolved over thousands of years?

Answer 18

genetic information

Question 19

origin of plants

several features of flowering plants evolved at this time are:

Answer 19

flowers; simple, flat, broad leaves; wood

Question 20

true or false

science cannot say whether such actions (e.g. racism, sexism, murder) are right or wrong, moral or immoral.

Answer 20

true

science can only study, measure, analyze, and describe these events

Question 21

using concept in understanding plants

this refers to the assumption that processes or structures have a purpose.

Answer 21

teleology

Question 22

scientific method

this is developed from the hypothesis that consistently matches observations and garners greater confidence.

Answer 22

theory

Question 23

true or false

the presence of other organisms may be detrimental, beneficial, or neutral

Answer 23

true

Question 24

algae and global warming

in the depths of oceans, this attribute slow decay of shells for thousands, or even millions of years.

Answer 24

cold temperature

Question 25

# *origin of plants* not all organisms evolve at the same rate; features that seem relatively unchanged are?

Answer 25

relictual features or plesiomorphic features

Question 26

# *natural selection* new features arise periodically by?

Answer 26

mutations

Question 27

this is the scientific study of plants.

Answer 27

botany

Question 28

# *using concepts to understand plants* these are the primary means of storing information.

Answer 28

genes

Question 29

# *true or false* genes, and the information they contain, cannot change.

Answer 29

false | plants copy genes during reproduction, and may cause differences.

Question 30

# *true or false* plants more suited to their environment reproduce more successfully and produce more offspring

Answer 30

true

Question 31

# *scientific method* this must make predictions that can be tested, consistent with further observations, and able to predict the results of future experiments.

Answer 31

hypothesis

Question 32

# *scientific method* only tangible phenomena and observations may be studied; anything that cannot be observed.

Answer 32

phenomena than can be studied

Question 33

# *origin of plants* "derived features" are also called?

Answer 33

apomorphic features

Question 34

# *origin of plants* these are features that evolved from an ancestral feature.

Answer 34

derived or apomorphic feature(s)

Question 35

# *using concepts to understand plants* the genetic pool of species exists beyond the phenotype represented by what?

Answer 35

single specimen

Question 36

# *prokaryotes* cynobacteria is from which plant domain?

Answer 36

bacteria (domain bacteria)

Question 37

# *evolution of plants* organisms were originally simple and increased in complexity through evolution by what?

Answer 37

natural selection

Question 38

# *scientific method* this is the fundamental basis of the scientific method.

Answer 38

basis—skepticism

Question 39

# *biological pheomenon* the two questions to be asked about any biological phenomenon

Answer 39

are there alternatives to this phenomenon? what are the consequences?

Question 40

# *using concepts to understand plants* this is based on the principles of chemistry and physics, which are all valid for plants.

Answer 40

plant metabolism

Question 41

# *plants and people* cite ideas of how plants impact humans

Answer 41

food, clothing, shelter, medicine, oxygen

Question 42

this explains the concept that many structures and metabolisms are too complicated to have resulted from evolution and natural selection and therefore must have been created

Answer 42

intelligent design

Question 43

these are similar to plants at the cellular and biochemical level.

Answer 43

green algae

Question 44

# *scientific method* this allows us to plan future experiments and predict what the outcome should be.

Answer 44

constancy and universality

Question 45

__________ were once considered plants but are now excluded.

Answer 45

fungi

Question 46

# *true or false* some bacteria and algae remove CO2 from the atmosphere via photosynthesis

Answer 46

true

Question 47

# *plants and people* cite ideas of how humans impact plants

Answer 47

global warming, climate change, desertification, salinization, loss of habitat, introduction of exotics, breeding, biotechnology

Question 48

developed by ancient Greek philosophers, this involves developing logical explanations for simple observations of the world.

Answer 48

speculative philosophy

Question 49

____________ generally say the universe was created by or contains deities.

Answer 49

religion

Question 50

____________ is never being certain of a conclusion and of always being willing to consider new evidence.

Answer 50

skepticism

Question 51

accumulation of atmospheric ____________ is responsible for changing global climate.

Answer 51

carbon dioxide

Question 52

# *origin of plants* two distinct groups of prokaryotes are:

Answer 52

bacteria and archaeans

Question 53

this determines whether new features are eliminated or passed on to the future.

Answer 53

natural selection

Question 54

# *the study of plants* these are more difficult because they involve intuition, previous experience, calculations, and expectations.

Answer 54

interpretations

Question 55

# *origin of plants* where is the DNA of plants located?

Answer 55

nucleus

Question 56

# *origin of plants* this type of cell have nuclei.

Answer 56

eukaryotes

Question 57

# *scientific method* information must be derived from only carefully documented and controlled observations or experiments.

Answer 57

source of information

Question 58

# *origin of plants* eukaryotes diversified, some gaining chloroplasts, and some mitochondria via what process?

Answer 58

endosymbiosis

Question 59

# *characteristics of life* what are the characteristics of life? (anything missing is considered unalive)

Answer 59

metabolism, nonrandom organization, growth, system of heredity and reproduction, capacity to respond to the environment

Question 60

# *the study of plants* these are usually reliable and accurate

Answer 60

observations