Chapter 2

Question 1

this prevents the formation of proteins

Answer 1

toxalbumins

Question 2

plants with seeds are called?

Answer 2

spermatophytes

Question 3

vegetative organs

these obtain minerals and other nutrients

Answer 3

roots

Question 4

both organisms benefit

Answer 4

mutualism

Question 5

vegetative organs

what harvests energy from the sun and package it into the sugar called glucose

Answer 5

leaves

Question 6

neither organism benefits or is harmed

Answer 6

neutralism

Question 7

one organism benefits by harming another

Answer 7

predation

Question 8

this causes allergic reactions present in plants like poison ivy

Answer 8

urushiol

Question 9

seedling roots invade host roots and obtain what they need to survive describe what type of plant?

Answer 9

holoparasites (or parasitic plants)

Question 10

all chemicals in a plant are produced with this as a starting point

Answer 10

glucose

Question 11

the parasitic plants, called (blank), don’t have chlorophyll and don’t photosynthesize

Answer 11

holoparasites

Question 12

these are also known as true plants or land plants

Answer 12

plants

Question 13

reproductive organs

these make flowers.

Answer 13

angiosperms

Question 14

where is DNA stored?

Answer 14

nucleus, also in plastids and mitochondria

Question 15

plants without seeds are called?

Answer 15

vascular cryptograms

Question 16

both organisms harm each other

Answer 16

competition

Question 17

photosynthesis

this process converts light energy from the sun into energy contained in the chemical bonds of sugar (glucose).

Answer 17

photosynthesis

Question 18

these are also called as embryophytes

Answer 18

plants

Question 19

photosynthesis

this powers most life on earth.

Answer 19

photosynthesis

Question 20

this breaks down glucose and transfers its energy to ATP.

Answer 20

respiration

Question 21

stems

located just above the nodes and can become branches or flowers

Answer 21

axillary buds

Question 22

flower anatomy

this attracts pollinators i.e. bees and butterflies

Answer 22

petals

Question 23

this happens when the seed remains attached to the parents plant after fertilization until it germinates

Answer 23

viviparous (a type of reproductive adaptation)

Question 24

these are based on the level to which a group has evolved

Answer 24

grades

Question 25

all of known life stores information in?

Answer 25

(DNA) deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 26

cyanogenic glycosides, when digested, releases what?

Answer 26

cyanide

Question 27

this distributes information in the cell

Answer 27

(mRNA) messenger ribonucleic acid

Question 28

# *roots* onions are tunicate bulbs, which make them what?

Answer 28

modified stems

Question 29

# *reproductive organs* which plants are reproductive organs barely distinguishable from vegetative organs?

Answer 29

ferns

Question 30

consists of an ancestor and all its descendants

Answer 30

clades

Question 31

this fine tunes the activity of many genes

Answer 31

microRNA

Question 32

one organism harms another without receiving any benefit itself

Answer 32

amensalism

Question 33

one organism benefits whereas the other is neither harmed nor helped

Answer 33

commensalism

Question 34

mosses, liverworts, and hornworts are what type of plants?

Answer 34

plants without vascular tissues

Question 35

# *flower anatomy* this contains one or more ovules

Answer 35

carpels

Question 36

these are often called as fern allies

Answer 36

lycophytes

Question 37

what substance makes chili peppers hot?

Answer 37

capsaicin

Question 38

breaking off the phosphate groups releases the energy used in?

Answer 38

metabolism

Question 39

# *vascular tissues* carries sugars and various organic compounds, as well as minerals and water throughout the plant

Answer 39

phloem

Question 40

fragrances and nectars that are released from the plant are synthesized from?

Answer 40

glucose

Question 41

# *photosynthesis* this is formed when photosynthesis combines carbon dioxide and water.

Answer 41

glucose

Question 42

# *vegetative organs* these do not carry out sexual reproduction

Answer 42

vegetative organs

Question 43

this includes the plant's name, scientific name, family, description, distribution, and medicinal use

Answer 43

plant monograph

Question 44

# *flower anatomy* this part of the flower produces the pollen

Answer 44

stamens

Question 45

# *concepts* this is based on the same fundamental principles that underline the lives of animals, fungi, and all other life forms.

Answer 45

plant life

Question 46

plants with vascular tissues are called?

Answer 46

vascular plants

Question 47

# *ferns* where are the ferns' reproductive organ found?

Answer 47

underside of foilage leaves ## Footnote *also producing sporangia*

Question 48

plant classification in descending order (general to specific)

Answer 48

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 49

# *reproductive organs* these make seed cones and pollen cones.

Answer 49

conifers | *aka gymnosperms*

Question 50

this allows certain plants and animals to become well adapted to each other

Answer 50

co-evolution

Question 51

# *vascular tissues* this transports water and minerals upward from roots to all aerial parts of the plant

Answer 51

xylem

Question 52

# *flower anatomy* this defensive organ protects the flower.

Answer 52

sepals

Question 53

# *roots* these can emerge along a stem; almost always confined to one end of the stem

Answer 53

roots

Question 54

# *plant tissues* enumerate the eight plant tissues

Answer 54

epidermis, cortex, vascular tissues, pith, mesophyll, secondary xylem, secondary phloem, and cork

Question 55

# *vegetative organs* these bear the leaves

Answer 55

stems

Question 56

information from the environment to plants comes from?

Answer 56

light, seasonal changes (except at the equator), and gravity

Question 57

# *overview of plant structure* plants almost always consist of:

Answer 57

stems, leaves, branches, and roots

Question 58

# *stems* almost all stems that bear leaves that are attached at regions called what?

Answer 58

nodes

Question 59

# *flower anatomy* what are the four main parts of a flower?

Answer 59

carpels, stamens, petals, and sepals

Question 60

# *carpels* three main parts of a carpel

Answer 60

stigma, style, ovary

Question 61

this blocks cell division

Answer 61

mitotic inhibitors

Question 62

what are the types of angiosperms?

Answer 62

basal angiosperms, monocots, and eudicots