chapter 1 Flashcards
(51 cards)
physiology
the science that seeks to explain the physical and chemical mechanisms that are responsible for the origin, development and progression of life
pathophysiology
the study of disordered body function. the basis for clinical medicine
homeostasis
maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment
automaticity
the quality or fact of performing involuntary or unconsciously actions. innate processes
negative feedback
a regulatory mechanism that helps maintain the body’s optimal internal state. a biological response where the effects of a reaction slow or stop that reaction
stem cells
baby cells that are influenced by proteins to determine their function. aka undifferentiated cells
differentiated cells
process where unspecialized (undifferentiated) cells mature to become specialized with a form and function
basic characteristics of cells
produce energy from oxygen + nutrient source, perform specific functions, + reproduce additional cells
tissues
groups of cells with related functions
muscle tissue
capable of contraction, forms the muscular system
nervous tissue
conducts electrical impulses, forms the nervous system
connective tissue
widely spaced cells + large amounts of intercellular matrix
what makes up connective tissue?
bone, blood, + cartilage
epithelial tissue
covers body surfaces. lines internal organs, body cavities, and passageways
organs
groups of tissues that work together for the overall function of that organ
organ systems
a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function(s)
what are the main systems that apply to chiropractors?
nervous system, muscular system, and skeletal system
what three organ systems work together unanimously? I.E. when one system is not functioning appropriately the others don’t function well
endocrine system, immune system, and nervous system
intercellular fluid (ICF)
higher concentration of Mg + P’s (potassium, phosphates, protein, + sulfate). 2/3 of body fluid is inside the cells
extracellular fluid
1/3 of total body water. higher concentration of Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, HCO3-, glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, oxygen, and carbon dioxide
interstitial fluid
fluid surrounding cells in tissues. low in protein
plasma (intravascular)
fluid component of blood (WBCs + RBCs)
transcellular fluid
small amount of fluid in joints, GI tract, CSF, eyes
movement of fluid through the body
- fluid consumed through GI tract
- diffuses into blood plasma
- diffuses through capillary membrane to interstitial spaces
- fluid crosses cell/plasma membrane to become intracellular fluid
- garbage released from cell into interstitial fluid
- garbage breathed out from the lungs, filtered through kidney/liver
