Chapter 1 Flashcards
(35 cards)
The study of people who suffer mental, emotional, and often physical pain (abnormal psychology)
psychopathology
The view that there are no universal standards or rules for labeling a behavior abnormal; instead, behaviors can be labeled abnormal only relative to the cultural norms.
cultural relativism
View abnormal behavior as similar to physical diseases, caused by the breakdown of systems in the body
biological theories
View abnormal behavior as a result of divine intervention, curses, demonic possession, and personal sin.
supernatural theories
View abnormal behavior as a result of traumas, such as bereavement or of chronic stress.
psychological theories
The process where they drill through the skull
trephination
Phenomenon in which large numbers of people engage in unusual behaviors that appear to have a psychological origin.
psychic epidemics
The 18th and 19th centuries saw the growth of a more humane treatment of people with mental health problems.
mental hygiene movement
A disease that leads to paralysis, insanity, and eventually death.
general paresis
The study of the unconscious
psychoanalysis
The study of the impact of reinforcements and punishments on behavior
behaviorism
Thought processes that influence behavior and emotion
cognitions
People’s beliefs about their ability to execute the behaviors necessary to control important events
self-efficacy beliefs
Argued that mental patients can recover more fully or live more satisfying lives if they are integrated into the community, with the support of community-based treatment facilities
deinstitutionalization
Attempted to provide coordinated mental health services to people
community mental health centers
Offer people with longterm mental health problems the opportunity to live in a structured, supportive environment as they try to reestablish working relationships and ties to family and friends.
halfway houses
Allow people to obtain treatment during the day along with occupational and rehabilitative therapies, but live at home at night.
day treatment centers
A collection of methods for coordinating care that ranges from simple monitoring to total control over what care can be provided and paid for.
managed care
group of symptoms that have a common causal mechanism, like tainted food
disease
a cluster of symptoms that are largely the same, but the causal mechanism varies from person to person, like depression
syndrome
not normal, average, typical, usual, and often extreme
abnormal
mentally healthy
normal
mentally sick
different
not providing adequate or appropriate adjustment to the environment or situation
maladaptiveness
