Chapter 1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Copernicus
An astronomer and mathematician who made the model of the universe where the sun was in the centre. Used calculations to prove Ptolemy was wrong.
Aristotle
Ancient philosopher who created syllogism and logic (the scientific method)
Kepler
Brahe’ assistant who used brahe’ info to prove Copernicus’ theories
Galileo
He backed up copernicus’ theories and died defending them, he saw many things in the universe
Newton
He produced a book with proof to what Galileo, capornicus, and Kepler said earlier. He also invented calculus and law of gravity
Who is Anton van leeuwenhoek?
Created the microscope that lead to the scientific revolution
Hobbes
Believed that rulers should have all power and there should be no laws or rules, and the people could not rebel
LOCKE
LOCKE believed people were reasonable and could cooperate with eachother, he beloved in a democracy and people had a right to rebel also people had natural rights
Who were the three influential views on government?
Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire
Montesquieu
Believed in the separation of the government into three parts: legislature, executive, and judiciary. He believed each branch made decisions together and had equal power
Voltaire
Spent most of his life arguing for religious toleration and freedom of thought. Cared about the right of people’s speech
Who said, “I do not agree with a word you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it
Voltaire
Diderot
Supervised the publication of first encyclopedia.
What were the women’s role in the enlightenment?
They played a big part by holding salons where people could come and share there ideas
Maria Theresa
Tried to implement policies that reflected enlightenment principles in Austria
Mozart
Best k own for his operas, symphonies and church music. He was a child genius
Joseph II
Maria Theresa’s son who carried on her reforms in Austria but we’re out back once he died
What were the 4 basic trends of thought in the enlightenment?
1) reason
2) natural law
3) optimism
4) cosmopolitanism
What is the enlightenment
Was an intellectual movement that represented a radical intellectual shift
