Chapter 8 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Young Italy
A political movement founded by Mazzini who’s goal was to make this a united Italian republic
Giuseppe Mazzini
A nationalist leader who founded a secret society called young Italy to work for unification.
Il Risorgimento
A newspaper that meant the revival and was edited by Count Camillo Cavour
Victor Emmanuel II
Became king of Sardinia in 1849
Supporter of Risorgimento
Named Count Cavour prime minister
Count Cavour
a skillful politician who was chosen to be Victor Emmanuels prime minister.
Wanted Sardinia to be a model for Italian Unification
Giuseppe Garbaldi
Leader of nationalist movement and a dashing military commander.
Formed the 1000 red shirts
1000 Red Shirts
A volunteer army of over 1000 people who’s uniforms were red.
Their objective was to attack the kingdom of the two Sicilies and drive out the Bourbon rulers (optional)
Italia Irredenta
Means “Italy still unredeemed” and was what Nationalists called countries they wanted but did not have
Junkers
Most government officials and army officers were Junkers.
Aristocratic landowners.
Young noblemen
Militarism
The glorification of the military and a readiness for war
Authoritarian State
A type of government characterized by absolute or blind obedience to authority
William I
King of Prussia who wanted to make sure Prussia remained both Authoritarian and Militaristic.
Appointed Count Ottovon Bismark as prime minister
Ottovon Bismark
Was appointed to be prime minster and minister of foreign affairs by William I
Came from a conservative Junker family
‘blood and Iron’
Bismark’s way of uniting Germany under Prussian control, meant warfare and military.
Realpolitik
A German word meaning realism.
Bismark followed this policy to get funds for his expansion plans legally
Schleswig-Holstein
Countries ruled by the King of Denmark that Prussia and Austria wanted to seize.
Austria got Holstein
Prussia got Schleswig
Napoleon III
Nephew of Napoleon I and was the first president of France to win by vote.
Was president during the Franco-Prussian war
Franco-Prussian War
A war started when Bismark and the Prussians United with the southern Germans to fight France.
They fought over who would assume the throne of Spain
France also wanted to go to war because their leader, Napolean III, thought winning the war could save his failing regime
Hohenzollern
Spanish Government offered offered the throne to Leopold of Hohenzollern which upset the French.
EMS Telegram
A telegram sent to Bismark sent by William I describing a meeting between William I and a French embassador.
(The French didn’t want a Hohenzollern at the throne)
Who did Italy and Germany caught the fever of nationalism from?
France
Who did Bismark go to war with over Schleswig-Holstein?
Denmark
What was given to Italy for their role in the seven weeks war?
Venetia
What were roadblocks to Italian unification?
France and Austria were both against Italian unification
Individual kings didn’t want to surrender their power in a larger Italian nation state
