Chapter 1 Flashcards
(121 cards)
Anatomy
Study of internal and external body structures and their physical relationships among other body parts. (FORM)
Physiology
The study of how living organisms perform their vital functions. (FUNCTION)
Gross anatomy involves…
Examining fairly large structures. No microscope needed.
All physiological functions are performed by specific __________ structures.
Anatomical.
Study of the general form of the body’s surface. Exterior features.
Surface Anatomy. AKA superficial anatomy.
Regional Anatomy
Anatomical organization of specific body areas.
Group of organs working together. Study of structure of organ systems.
Systemic anatomy.
Clinical Anatomy
Anatomy related to clinical practice. Application of anatomy.
Integumentary System
Major Organs and Functions
Skin, Hair, Sweat Glands, Nails.
Protects against environmental hazards.
Helps regulate body temp.
Provides sensory information.
Skeletal System
Major Organs and Functions
Bones, Cartilages, Associated Ligaments, Bone Marrow.
Provides Support and protection for other tissues.
Stores calcium and other minerals.
Forms blood cells.
Nervous System
Major Organs and Functions
Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves, Sensory Organs.
Directs immediate responses to stimuli.
Coordinates or moderates activities of other organ systems.
Provides and interprets sensory information about external conditions.
Muscular System
Major Organs and Functions
Skeletal muscles and associated tendons.
Provides movement.
Provides protection and support for other tissues.
Generates heat that maintains body temperature.
Endocrine System (Major Organs and Functions)
Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Pancreas, Adrenal glands, Gonads, Endocrine tissues in other systems.
Directs long term changes in the activities of other organ systems.
Adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body.
Controls many structural and functional changes during development.
Cardiovascular System
Major Organs and Functions
Heart, Blood, Blood vessels.
Distributes blood cells, water, and dissolved materials including nutrients, waste products, and carbon dioxide.
Distributes heat and assists in control of body temperature.
Lymphatic system
Major Organs and Functions
Spleen, Thymus, Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, Tonsils.
Defends against infection and disease.
Returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream.
Respiratory System
Major Organs and Functions
Nasal Cavities, Sinuses, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, Alveoli.
Delivers air to alveoli (sites in lungs where gas exchange occurs).
Provides oxygen to bloodstream.
Removes carbon dioxide from bloodstream.
Produces sounds for communication.
Digestive System
Major Organs and Functions
Teeth, Tongue, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas.
Processes and digests food.
Absorbs and conserves water.
Absorbs nutrients.
Store energy reserves.
Urinary System
Major Organs and Functions
Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder, Urethra.
Excretes waste products from the blood.
Controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced.
Stores urine prior to voluntary elimination.
Regulates blood ion concentrations and pH.
Male Reproductive System
Major Organs and Functions
Testes, Epididymides, Ductus deferentia, Seminal Vesicles, Prostate gland, Penis, Scrotum.
Produces male sex cells(sperm), Seminal Fluids, and hormones.
Sexual Intercourse.
Female Reproductive System
Major Organs and Functions
Ovaries, Uterine tubes, Uterus, Vagina, Labia, Clitoris, Mammary Glands.
Produces Female sex cells (oocytes) and hormones.
Supports developing embryo from conception to delivery.
Provides milk to nourish newborn infant.
Sexual Intercourse.
Developmental anatomy
Describes change in form that take place between conception and adulthood.
Microscopic Anatomy
Examines cells and molecules. Things you can’t see without a microscope.
Cytology
Study of cells and their structure.
Histology
Study of tissues and their structures.
