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COMP 1131 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Assembly Language

A

A low-level language that replaced binary digits with mnemonics

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2
Q

Bytecode

A

A low-level representation of a Java program that is not tied to a specific type of CPU

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3
Q

Case-Sensitive

A

Making a distinction between uppercase and lowercase letters. Java is case-sensitive

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4
Q

Class Definition

A

An element in a Java program. All Java programs are defined using class definitions

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5
Q

Class Library

A

A set of software classes that can be used when developing programs (see Java API)

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6
Q

Comment

A

Text included in a program to make the program easier to understand for humans

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7
Q

Compiler

A

A program that translates code in one language into equivalent code in another language

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8
Q

Deprecated

A

An element that is considered old-fashioned and should not be used

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9
Q

Editor

A

A software tool that allows one to enter text such as a program

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10
Q

Encapsulation

A

The characteristic of an object that means it protects and manages its own information

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11
Q

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

A

An interface to a program that consists of graphical elements such as windows and buttons

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12
Q

High-Level Language

A

A programming language that is expressed in phrases that are easier than machine language for a programmer to understand

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13
Q

Identifier

A

A word in a programming language

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14
Q

Inheritance

A

Defining a class based on another that already exists

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15
Q

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

A

A set of software tools used to create, modify, and test a program

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16
Q

Java 2 Platform

A

The most recent Java technology

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17
Q

Java API

A

A library of software that we can use when developing programs

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18
Q

Logical Error

A

An error in a program that causes it to produce incorrect results

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19
Q

Machine Language

A

The language executed by a particular CPU

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20
Q

Method

A

A group of programming statements that is given a name

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21
Q

Method Invocation

A

Calling a method to execute its code

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22
Q

Natural Language

A

A language that humans use to communicate, such as English

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23
Q

Object

A

A fundamental entity in a Java program that represents something and provides services related to it

24
Q

Object-Oriented Programming Language

A

A language, such as Java, that uses objects as the fundamental elements of a program

25
Q

Program

A

A series of instructions that a computer executes one after another

26
Q

Programming Statement

A

An individual instruction in a programming language

27
Q

Reserved Word

A

An identifier that has a special meaning in a programming language and can be used only in predefined ways

28
Q

Runtime Error

A

An error that occurs during program execution and causes the program to terminate abnormally

29
Q

Semantics

A

Rules that define what a statement in a language means

30
Q

Syntax

A

The rules of a language that dictate how vocabulary elements of the language can be used

31
Q

Syntax Error

A

A programming error that violates the syntax rules of the language

32
Q

White Space

A

The space, tab, and newline characters used to separate words and symbols in a program

33
Q

Hardware

A

The physical, tangible pieces that support the computing effort

34
Q

Software

A

Consists of programs and the data those programs use

35
Q

Programming Language

A

Specifies the words and symbols that we can use to write a program

36
Q

Who created Java?

A

Sun Microsystems, Inc.

37
Q

In what year was Java introduced?

A

1995

38
Q

How do you denote a single-line comment in Java?

A

//

39
Q

How do you denote a multi-line comment in Java?

A

/* */

40
Q

How do you denote a javadoc comment in Java?

A

/** */

41
Q

What are the parameters for an identifier in Java?

A
  1. They can be made up of letters, digits, underscores and dollar signs
  2. They cannot begin with a digit
42
Q

True or False: Java is case-sensitive?

A

True

43
Q

What are the best-practices for different case-styles in Java?

A
  1. Title case for class names

2. Upper case for constants

44
Q

What are the activities of developing a program?

A
  1. Writing the program in a specific programming language
  2. Translating the program into a form that the computer can execute
  3. Investigating and fixing various types of errors that can occur
45
Q

What are the four programming language levels?

A
  1. Machine Language
  2. Assembly Language
  3. High-Level Language
  4. Fourth-Generation Language
46
Q

True or False: All CPUs have the same machine language

A

False

47
Q

True or False: Java is considered to be architecture-neutral

A

True

48
Q

What is the process that Java takes to be translated into machine code?

A
  1. Java source code is compiled into Java bytecode

2. Java bytecode is then compiled into machine code

49
Q

Compile-Time Errors

A

The compiler will find syntax errors and other basic problems

50
Q

Solving a problem consists of what activities?

A
  1. Understand the problem
  2. Design a solution
  3. Consider alternatives and refine the solution
    Implement the solution
  4. Test the solution
51
Q

Any proper software development effort consists of four basic development activities

A
  1. Establishing the requirements
  2. Creating a design
  3. Implementing the design
  4. Testing
52
Q

Software Requirements

A

Specify what a program must accomplish

53
Q

Software Design

A

Indicates how a program will accomplish its requirements

54
Q

Implementation

A

The process of writing the source code that will solve the problem

55
Q

Testing

A

The act of ensuring that a program will solve the intended problem given all of the constraints under which it must peform

COMP 1131 (3 decks)

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