Chapter 1: Evolution Life on Earth

Question 1

smallest unity with the capacity to live and reproduce, independently or as part of a multicellular organism

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics

Answer 2

Taxonomy

Question 3

Most inclusive group?

Answer 3

Domain

Question 4

put in order from most to least.

family, phylum, kingdom, class, species, genus, order

Answer 4

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 5

includes all populations of individuals that have very similar structure, biochemistry, and behavior, and can successfully interbreed

Answer 5

species

Question 6

a group of similar species that share recent common ancestry

Answer 6

genus

Question 7

Scientific name.
First part identifies what?
Second part?

Answer 7

genus, a species within that genus

Question 8

Eukarya

Answer 8

Domain

Question 9

Animalia

Answer 9

Kingdom

Question 10

Chordata

Answer 10

Phylum

Question 11

Mammalia

Answer 11

Class

Question 12

Primates

Answer 12

Order

Question 13

Hominidae

Answer 13

Family

Question 14

Homo Sapiens

Answer 14

Species

Question 15

Homo

Answer 15

Genus

Question 16

What did Charles Darwin study?

Answer 16

evolution of finches

Question 17

Example: pigeon breeders who wished to promote a certain characteristic in animal

Answer 17

artificial selection

Question 18

Example: pigeons that find a characteristic that is desirable and breed in nature

Answer 18

natural selection

Question 19

the origin and inheritance of new variations arise from the structure and variability of DNA

Answer 19

genes

Question 20

variability among individuals arises through random changes in the structure, number or arrangement of DNA molecules

Answer 20

mutations

Question 21

favorable mutations may produce characteristics that help an organism survive

Answer 21

adaptations

Question 22

biologists use DNA and other biological molecules to construct this illustration

Answer 22

phylogenetic trees

Question 23

bacteria and archea, dNA in their cells is not separated from other cellular components

Answer 23

prokaryotes

Question 24

the eukarya, dNA is enclosed in a separate structure (nucleus) within the cells

Answer 24

eukaryotes

Question 25

specialized internal compartments within the cell

Answer 25

organelles

Question 26

which domain? - microscopic unicellular organisms - found everywhere on earth - metabolic processes

Answer 26

domain bacteria

Question 27

which domain? - microscopic unicellular ogranisms - inhabit extreme environments - distinctive structural molecules

Answer 27

domain archea

Question 28

which domain? - actually represent several kingdoms - includes a variety of unicellular and multicellular organisms such as protozoa and algae

Answer 28

domain eukarya, kingdom protoctista

Question 29

which domain? - mostly photosythetic multicellular organisms - producers such as flowering plants, conifers, and mosses

Answer 29

domain eukarya, kingdom plantae

Question 30

which domain? decomposers that breakdown and absorb biological molecules from dead organisms -includes yeasts and molds

Answer 30

domain eukarya, kingdom fungi

Question 31

which domain? - multicellular consumers - move actively from one place to another during some stage of their life cycles

Answer 31

domain eukarya, kingdom animalia