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Molecular Biology > Chapter 1: Historical Overview > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Historical Overview Flashcards

1
Q

Barbara McClintock & Harriet Creighton

A

demoed chromosomes recombine to create new genetic variations (in corn maize)

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1
Q

demoed DNA replication=semiconservative

A

meselson & stahl

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2
Q

4 qualities of living cells

A
  1. grow 2. reproduce 3. process information 4. respond to environment
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3
Q

meselson & stahl

A

demoed DNA replication=semiconservative

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4
Q

beadle & tatum

A

developed “one gene-one enzyme” hypothesis

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4
Q

sydney brenner & francois jacob

A

discovered DNA –> RNA (mRNA) –> directs production of proteins (polypeptides)

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5
Q

4 qualities of living cells

A
  1. grow 2. reproduce 3. process information 4. respond to environment
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6
Q

produced pic of molecular structure of DNA w/ x-ray crystallography

DNA composed of 2 antiparallel sugar-phosphate backbones w/ nitrogenous bases paired in interior

paired in specific combos: adenine w/ thymine, cytosine w/ guanine

A

maurice wilkins & rosalind franklin

franklin (x2)

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7
Q

molecular biology

A

study of gene structure and function at molecular level

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7
Q
  1. grow 2. reproduce 3. process information 4. respond to environment
A

4 qualities of living cells

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8
Q

discovered DNA

A

friedrich miescher

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10
Q

Archibald Garrod

A

suggestsed genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes

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11
Q

frederick griffith

A

found that DNA could be exchanged between bacteria –> changed genotype & phenotype (transformation)

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11
Q

demoed that chromosomes carry genes w/ fruit flies

discovered “linked genes”, sex-linked genes, and recombinance

A

thomas hunt morgan (x2)

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12
Q

particle of inheritance

A

gene

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13
Q

discovered genes=particles of inheritance

A

gregor mendel

14
Q

Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase

A

showed DNA, not protein, is genetic material of bacteriophage (T2)

15
Q

watson & crick (x2)

A

deduced DNA as double helix

each base pair is complementary & forms different # H-bonds (A-T=2, G-C=3)

15
Q

study of gene structure and function at molecular level

A

molecular biology

16
Q

suggestsed genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes

A

Archibald Garrod

18
Q

gregor mendel

A

discovered genes=particles of inheritance

18
Q

showed DNA, not protein, is genetic material of bacteriophage (T2)

A

Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase

20
Q
  1. grow 2. reproduce 3. process information 4. respond to environment
A

4 qualities of living cells

22
Q

allele

A

specific gene coding for specific trait

23
gene
particle of inheritance
23
friedrich miescher
discovered DNA
25
found that DNA could be exchanged between bacteria --\> changed genotype & phenotype (transformation)
frederick griffith
26
deduced DNA as double helix each base pair is complementary & forms different # H-bonds (A-T=2, G-C=3)
watson & crick (x2)
28
thomas hunt morgan (x2)
demoed that chromosomes carry genes w/ fruit flies discovered "linked genes", sex-linked genes, and recombinance
29
developed "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis
beadle & tatum
30
demoed chromosomes recombine to create new genetic variations (in corn maize)
Barbara McClintock & Harriet Creighton
31
specific gene coding for specific trait
allele
32
cell (x2)
simplest living thing, used to transmit genes from parents to offspring
33
maurice wilkins & rosalind franklin franklin (x2)
produced pic of molecular structure of DNA w/ x-ray crystallography DNA composed of 2 antiparallel sugar-phosphate backbones w/ nitrogenous bases paired in interior paired in specific combos: adenine w/ thymine, cytosine w/ guanine
35
simplest living thing, used to transmit genes from parents to offspring
cell (x2)
36
discovered DNA --\> RNA (mRNA) --\> directs production of proteins (polypeptides)
sydney brenner & francois jacob

Molecular Biology (13 decks)

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