Chapter 1: Intro to B-Mod

Question 1

Overt

Answer 1

Objectively measurable

ex. verbal, motor

Question 2

Covert

Answer 2

not measurable

ex. thoughts and feelings

Question 3

Target Behavior

Answer 3

Behaviour to be modified
targeting behavior for change
ex. Drinking Water

Question 4

Response

Answer 4

one instance or occurence of a behavior

Question 5

Response Class

Answer 5

A group of responses with the same function.
Each response in the group produces the same effect on the environment.
ex. drinking water from a glass, bottle, or straw

Question 6

Repertoire

Answer 6

Collection of all behaviors a person can perform

Question 7

Dead man test

Answer 7

If a dead man can do it , it is not behavior. if a dead man cannot do it, it is behavior.

Question 8

Behavior is not (3 marks):

Answer 8

• Descriptions of personality trait
  ex. honest
• diagnostic label
  ex. depression
• Products of behavior
  ex. losing weight

Question 9

Behaviors and the environment can interact (3 marks):

Answer 9

• interchangeable
• environment can lead to certain behaviors
• behaviors can effect one’s environment
• environmental consequences of a behavior can affect subsequent behaviors

Question 10

Independent Variable

Answer 10

Manipulated by researchers

Question 11

3 aspects of scientific study of human behaviour (and mental processing)

Answer 11

• Theoretical
• Applied
• Experimental

Question 12

Theoretical

Answer 12

conceptual thinking

done at computer, at a desk, in an office

Question 13

Applied

Answer 13

Practical research and treatment to solve a problem.

Usually on ppl, in the real world

Question 14

Behaviorism

Answer 14

philosophy of the science behaviour

Question 15

Experimental analysis of behavior (EAB)

Answer 15

Basic scientific research on the functional relationship between environmental events and resulting behavior

Question 16

Behavior Modification

Answer 16

Application of experimentally derived laws of learning to human behavior

Question 17

Scientific study of learning (3 branches)

Answer 17

Behaviourism
Experimental analysis of behavior (EAB)
Behavior Modification

Question 18

Experimental

Answer 18

Basic research, animals in lab

Question 19

Behavior Modification (Definition)

Answer 19

• analysing the relationship between environment and behavior
• changing environment to help ppl modify their behavior
  applied to research goal of improving ppl’s lives

Question 20

Behavior Modification (charateristics)

Answer 20

• defines problem in same behaviors
  ex. child chatting during class
• solutions are evaluated in terms of same behaviors
  ex. after b-mod, child does not chat
• Treatments work by effecting an individuals environment, comprised of stimuli
  ex. does not talk, gets a gold star
• operant and respondent conditioning
• accountability

Question 21

Applied behaviour analysis (ABA)

Answer 21

Using knowledge about human behavior to reduce socially undesirable behaviors and/or increase desirable ones

Question 22

B-mod vs. Applied behaviour analysis (ABA)

Answer 22

• B-mod larger category includes ABA
  - ABA seen as applying only principles of
  - operant conditioning
  - application of respondent conditioning
  - behavior therapy and cognitive behavior therapy

Question 23

Psychology in 19th century

Answer 23

Study of conscious experience

Question 24

Psychology in 20th century

Answer 24

Science of observable behavior

Question 25

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 25

• respondent behaviors are involuntary, elicited by stimuli that precede them
• stimulus + response = reflex
• S-R Psychology: focused on how environmental events and stimuli (S) effect response (R)

Question 26

Thorndike

Answer 26

• Law of effect: behavior that has favorable outcome is more likely to happen again in that situation in the future
• animal can “modify behavior”

Question 27

J.B Watson

Answer 27

• founded behaviorism
• developed methodological behaviorism: study of behavior alone not of any internal, mental state or event
• rationale: mental events cannot be objectively observed or studied
• human activities were learned habits
• S-R Model (environment + stimuli)

Question 28

B.F. Skinner

Answer 28

Radical behaviorism: Goal is to understand and explain all behavior. includes thoughts and behaviors

SRS Model

Question 29

SRS Model or ABCs of behavior

Answer 29

Antecedent: stimulus produces
Behavior (Response) which in turn produces
Consequences (stimulus): reinforcement or punishment