Chapter 1: Major Themes Of A&P Flashcards
(41 cards)
When an examiner taps on the body, feels for abnormal resistance, and listens to the emitted sounds for signs of abnormalities
Percussion
The study of multiple species in order to examine similarities and differences and analyze evolutionary trends.
Comparative anatomy
Opening the body and taking a look inside to see what was wrong and what could be done about it.
Exploratory surgery
Structure that can be seen with the naked eye whether by surface observation, radiology, or dissection
Gross anatomy
The microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease
Histopathology
Fine detail down to the molecular level revealed by the electron microscope
Ultrastructure
Greek physician that established a code of ethics for physicians. Urged them to stop attributing disease to the activities of gods and demons and to rather seek their natural causes.
Hippocrates
One of first philosophers to write about anatomy and physiology. Diseases could have supernatural causes theologi or natural ones which he called physici
Aristotle
Greek physician that was first woman to publish medical textbook On the Diseases and Cures of Women
Metrodora
Physician to the Roman Gladiators that wrote the most influential medical textbook. Saw science as a method of discovery not a body of fact to be taken on faith
Claudius Galen
Taught anatomy in Italy and broke tradition of coming down from Cathedra and doing dissections himself instead of having a barber-surgeon remove the organs as he taught
Andres Vesalius
Englishman who designed scientific instruments of various kinds and improved optics. Observed thin shavings of cork and observed that they consisted of great many little boxes
Robert Hooke
Dutch textile merchant that invented a simple microscope. Examined drop of lake water and was astonished to find variety of microorganisms “little animalcules.”
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek
Method that involves the process of making numerous observations until one feels confident in drawing generalizations and predictions from them.
Inductive method
Sample size, controls, psychsomatic effects, experimenter bias, and statistical testing are all elements of what?
Experimental design
Method in which an investigator begins with a hypothesis which must be consistent with what is already known and capable of being tested and falsified by evidence.
Hypothetico-deductive method
When experimenters want certain results sometimes even subconsciously and can end up affecting data.
Experimenter bias
One way that you could avoid experimenter bias is by using the ________________, which neither the subject nor the person giving treatment knows what kind they are getting or giving.
Doulbe-blind method
Information that can be independently verified by any trained person.
Scientific fact
A generalization about the predictable ways in which matter and energy behave. Result of conductive reasoning based on repeated, confirmed observations.
A law of nature
An explanatory statement or set of statements derived from facts, laws, and confirmed hypotheses.
A theory
Change in the genetic composition of a population of organisms. i.e . the evolution of bacteria resistant to certain antibiotics, the appearance of new strains of the flu virus, and emergence of new species of organisms.
Evolution
Principal which states that some individuals within a species have hereditary advantages over their competitors. Better camo, disease resistance, ability to attract mates.
Natural selection
Natural forces that promote the reproductive success of some individuals more than others are called __________. Include climate, predators, disease, competition.
Selection Pressures
