CHAPTER 1 MIDTERMS Flashcards
(23 cards)
Father of Question Documents
ALBERT OSBORN
Is any material which contains marks, signs, or symbols which are visible, partially visible, or invisible that may presently or ultimately convey a meaning or message to someone.
DOCUMENT
Becomes a questioned document when it is being questioned as to its originality, authenticity, authorship, source, and genuineness and when it is placed under scrutiny to determine whether or not it is disputed.
DOCUMENT
A document becomes a _____ when it is being questioned as to its originality, authenticity, authorship, source, and genuineness and when it is placed under scrutiny to determine whether or not it is disputed.
QUESTIONED DOCUMENT
Is any document about which some issue has been raised or placed under scrutiny.
QUESTIONED DOCUMENT
It is a document that has been questioned in whole or in part with respect to its authenticity, identity, origin, or its relation among its parts and to other things.
QUESTIONED DOCUMENT
Is also defined as any signature, handwriting, typewriting, or other mark whose source or authenticity is in dispute or doubtful.
QUESTIONED DOCUMENT
Has been a profession, at least since 1870 and is frequently done in cases of forgery, counterfeiting, mail fraud, kidnapping, con games, embezzlement, gambling, organized crime, white collar crime, art crime, theft, robbery, arson, burglary, homicide, serial murder, psychological profiling, and deviant sex crimes.
QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION
When was Questioned Document Examination has been a profession and is frequently done in cases of forgery, counterfeiting, mail fraud, kidnapping, con games, embezzlement, gambling, organized crime, white collar crime, art crime, theft, robbery, arson, burglary, homicide, serial murder, psychological profiling, and deviant sex crimes.
At least 1870
Used for detection of forgeries, alterations, and obliterations.
CRIMINALISTIC EXAMINATION
Used to find out who is the author of the writing.
HANDWRITING IDENTIFICATION
Is similar to other kinds of laboratory work. Dr. Wilson Harrison, the noted British Examiner of questioned document, says that an intelligent police investigator can detect almost 75% of all of his magnifiers and measuring tool.
CRIMINALISTIC EXAMINATION
The noted British Examiner of questioned document, says that an intelligent police investigator can detect almost 75% of all of his magnifiers and measuring tool.
DR. WILSON HARRISON
On the other hand is a more difficult procedure and requires a long study and experience.
HANDWRITING IDENTIFICATION
Scientific Handwriting Examination consists of three essential phases:
- RECOGNITION OF CHARACTERISTICS (ANALYSIS)
- COMPLETE COMPARISON OF ALL CHARACTERISTICS (COMPARISON)
- CORRECT INTERPRETATION OF CHARACTERISTICS (EVALUATION)
Properties of characteristics are observed, measured, and determined.
ANALYSIS
Properties or characteristics of the unknown items determined thru analysis are compared with the familiar or recorded properties of known items.
COMPARISON
Similarities or dissimilarities in property or characteristics that have certain value for identification are determined by their likelihood or occurence.
EVALUATION
This examination involves, therefore, the recognition, complete comparison, and correct interpretation or evaluation of the handwriting.
SCIENTIFIC HANDWRITING EXAMINATION
Consists largely of comparing questioned handwriting with known handwriting to determine the writer’s identity. It also includes the examination of hand printing, forgeries, typewriting, inks, paper, indented and eradicated writing, rubber-stamp impressions, charred paper, and related items.
DOCUMENT EXAMINATION
The partnership between _____ and _____ has been strengthened by the infusion of new technological developments, although major responsibility for solving crimes continues to rest with traditional methods of inquiry.
SCIENCE AND CRIME DETECTION
Is the application of this science to law or court litigations. Uses highly developed technologies to uncover scientific evidence in a variety of fields.
FORENSIC QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION
Identifies the identity of a document in question. In the court of law a witness is not allowed to give his opinion about certain matters unless the court has decided that he has the necessary fitness to qualify as an expert.
FORENSIC QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION
