Chapter 1: Psychology and Scientific Thinking

Question 1

The study of the mind, brain and behavior is known as

Answer 1

Psychology

Question 2

Challenges of Psychology include:

Answer 2

-some concepts are difficult to determine
-its difficult to predict behavior
-influences may be unknown
-individuality and culture play a role
-people differ in terms of emotions, thinking etc
-psychological influences are rarely independent to eachother

Question 3

Freud believed that

Answer 3

a psychopath had only ID and EGO

Question 4

The ID is

Answer 4

being completely unconscious

Question 5

The EGO is

Answer 5

our thinking, planning, and protectiveness of oneself

Question 6

the SUPEREGO is

Answer 6

our morals and self imposed behavior

Question 7

Freud spoke a lot about

Answer 7

sex and aggression

Question 8

conflict between the ID and EGO causes..

Answer 8

psychological disturbances

Question 9

a normal person should have ID, ____ and ___________

Answer 9

EGO;SUPEREGO

Question 10

what helps us deal with conflict bewteen ID, EGO and SUPEREGO

Answer 10

defense mechanisms

Question 11

the Father of Modern Psychology is

Answer 11

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 12

Structuralism states that

Answer 12

the goal of psychology is to identify the most basic elements of the mind and to determine how they combine with each other
-the breaking down of structures

Question 13

Functionalism states that..

Answer 13

functionalists focus on investigating the function or purpose of consciousness
-what is the function or purpose?

Question 14

what was Wilhelm’s research tool?

Answer 14

introspection

Question 15

Science is an..

Answer 15

-approach to evidence
-helps to control bias
-helps show us cause and effect relationships
-begins with empiricism (knowledge should be acquired through observation)

Question 16

A psychologist that deals with depression, mental disorders

Answer 16

Clinical Psychologists

Question 17

A psychologist that deals with temporary problems like stress

Answer 17

Counselling Psychologists

Question 18

A psychologist that works with students

Answer 18

Educational Psychologists

Question 19

A psychologist that studies ages, how babies are developed

Answer 19

Development Psychologists

Question 20

A psychologist that works with the police

Answer 20

Forensic Psychologists

Question 21

Workplace Psychologists

Answer 21

Industrial Psychologists

Question 22

Patternicity is

Answer 22

the human tendency to see meaningless data

Question 23

Naive Realism is..

Answer 23

the tendency to believe that our perception of the world is how it truly is

Question 24

Confirmation Bias means…

Answer 24

we seek info that confirms what we believe and immediately deny or dismiss info that contradicts what we believe

Question 25

the tendency to stick to our beliefs even when evidence contradicts them is known as

Answer 25

Belief Perseverance

Question 26

An attempt to understand how thoughts feelings and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual imagined or implied presence of others
-why we do what we do
is known as

Answer 26

Social Psychology

Question 27

An example of cognitive psychology is

Answer 27

priming

Question 28

Priming is to be..

Answer 28

exposed to something that impacts our behavior later but we don’t realize it ex. subliminal messages

Question 29

in the biological approach we ask ourselves..

Answer 29

what impact does the brain have on behavior, looking at the brain itself

Question 30

is looking back at the past to understand why we behave a certain way an example of this is Central premise which are traits passed down through DNA

Answer 30

Evolutionary Psychology

Question 31

Metaphysical claims are claims about that world that

Answer 31

cannot be tested

Question 32

A scientific theory is

Answer 32

a general statement about the relationship between 2 or more variables

Question 33

a good scientific theory is..

Answer 33

1, supported by evidence
2.testable and falsifiable
3. an explanation
4.generate predictions for things that haven’t been observed

Question 34

a testable prediction or statement designed to be tested by experiment, express and cause and effect relationship, and can confirm or dis confirm a theory is a

Answer 34

Hypothesis