Chapter #1 pt. 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Continuous View of Child Development:
Children stay on the same path throughout development
Discontinuous View of Development:
Children can change paths at any point in development
What is Development Through Nature (Heredity):
The influence of genetic predispositions and biological factors inherited from parents
Ex. eye color, temperament, facial features
What is Development Through Nurture (Heredity):
The influence of environmental factors (like parenting practices, educational experiences, cultural background)
Ex. Language acquisition, temperament x language
Active Child Development:
The idea is that children actively shape their own development through their choices, actions, and interpretations of the world
Passive Child Development:
The idea that children are shaped by external forces such as parenting, environment, or biology, without actively influencing their development
What are the 5 Domains of Development:
- Physical growth
- Cognition
- language
- Personality
- Social relationships
Why is Development in different
domains of children’s lives is
always connected?
Cognitive development affects social development and vice versa
4 Major Typed of Observation and Methods in Studies:
- Systematic Observation
- Behavioural Task
- Self-/parent Report
- Physiological Measures
What is Systemic observation?
Having a system/set of clearly defined rules of recording a specific behaviour
What are the 2 Types of Systematic Observation:
- Naturalistic Observation = spontaneous behaviour in real life
- Structured Observation = creating a setting that is likely to elicit a behavior/variable
What is a Behavioural Task?
Creating a taks that would produce a sample of behaviour
What is the Self/parent Report?
Child’e/parent’s answers to questions about the behaviour
What is the Physiological Measures:
Measuring body reactions (like heart rate, corticol levels)
Observer Influence (bias)
Participant bias that happens when a participant changes their behaviour as a function of being observed
Habituation
Participants getting used to being observed
What is Reliability:
How accurately do we measure a behaviour
What is Validity:
Are we measuring what are aiming to measure
What is Construct Validity:
A task/observational coding scheme measures what it claims to measure
What is Concurrent Validity:
Observed pain and self-reported pain
Observed pain and raised heart rate
