Chapter 1-Science and the Environment

Question 0

Goods like food and fuel

Answer 0

Provisioning resources

Question 1

The natural and managed ecosystems that provide essential goods and services to human enterprise

Answer 1

Ecosystem capital

Question 2

Processes like flood protection

Answer 2

Regulating services

Question 3

Nonmaterial benefits like recreation

Answer 3

Cultural services

Question 4

Those due to human activities

Answer 4

Anthropogenic greenhouse gases

Question 5

Aimed at curbing pollution from the release of chlorofluorocarbons refrigerants into the atmosphere

Answer 5

Montreal Protocol (1987)

Question 6

One hundred and sixty six nations met in Kyoto, Japan in December 1997. Treaty was ratified in 2004 to reduce emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases

Answer 6

Kyoto Protocol

Question 7

Variability among living organisms

Answer 7

Biodiversity

Question 8

The study of how the world works (most multidisciplinary of all the sciences)

Answer 8

Environmental Science

Question 9

Doing too much of any one activity

Answer 9

Cumulative impacts

Question 10

Not paying attention to how the world works

Answer 10

Unintended consequences

Question 11

Marked by increasing awareness of the environment

Answer 11

Environment Movement

Question 12

Persons and organizations with a strong focus on environmental concerns

Answer 12

Environmentalist

Question 13

The widespread development of the environmental movement

Answer 13

Environmentalism

Question 14

Deal with how we should conceptualize our task of forging a sustainable future

Answer 14

Strategic themes

Question 15

The basis for our understanding of how the world works and how human systems interact with it (scientific method)

Answer 15

Sound science

Question 16

The practical goal that our interactions with the natural world that we should be working toward

Answer 16

Sustainability

Question 17

The actions and programs that manage natural resources and human well-being for the common good

Answer 17

Stewardship

Question 18

Can be continued indefinitely, without depleting any of the material or energy resources required to keep it running

Answer 18

Sustainable

Question 19

To harvest resources but stay within the capacity of the population to grow and replace itself

Answer 19

Sustainable yields

Question 20

Entire natural systems that persist and thrive over time by recycling nutrients and by using the Sun as a source of sustainable energy

Answer 20

Sustainable ecosystems

Question 21

A society in a balance with the natural world, continuing generation after generation, neither depleting its resource base by exceeding sustainable yield nor producing pollutants in excess of nature’s capacity to absorb them

Answer 21

Sustainable society

Question 22

Development or progress that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs

Answer 22

Sustainable development

Question 23

The continued improvement of human well-being

Answer 23

Development

Question 24

Meeting the needs of the present, but future generations are seen equally deserving

Answer 24

Equity

Question 25

The concerns of sociologists, economists, and ecologist must interact in order to achieve sustainable solutions in a society

Answer 25

Sustainable solutions

Question 26

Concerned mainly with growth, efficiency, and the optimum use of resources

Answer 26

Economists

Question 27

Mainly focus on human needs and on concepts like equity, empowerment, social cohesion, and cultural identity

Answer 27

Sociologists

Question 28

Show their greatest concern for preserving the integrity of natural systems, for living within the carrying capacity of your environment, and for dealing effectively with pollution

Answer 28

Ecologists

Question 29

Evaluates the ability of nations to protect the environment, produced by Yale (1999-2005), evaluated a society's natural resources and its stewardship of those resources and the people they support

Answer 29

Environmental Sustainability Index

Question 30

The foundation of all science and scientific discovery

Answer 30

Observation

Question 31

Sets up situations to make systematic observations regarding causes and effects

Answer 31

Experimentation

Question 32

(Educated guess) is tested through observation or experimentation

Answer 32

Hypothesis

Question 33

Logically consistent with all observations, can suggest or predict certain events, and represents a valid interpretation of reality; explains the why

Answer 33

Theory

Question 34

The universe functions according to certain basic principles that remain consistent through time and space; principles by which we can define and predict the behavior of matter and energy

Answer 34

Natural laws (concrete)

Question 35

Perfectly valid explanations of data gathered from the natural world, and they can be predictive, but they never reach the status of laws (true but not testable)

Answer 35

Concepts

Question 36

Information that is presented as valid science, but that does not conform to the rigors of the methods and practice of legitimate science

Answer 36

Junk science

Question 37

Wrote a book "Silent Spring" in 1962 which altered the public about the dangers of pesticides and their role in decimating bird populations

Answer 37

Rachel Carson

Question 38

Farmer in El Salvador who organized opposition to a damaging mining operation by the Canadian mining company Pacific Rim. Received the 2011 Goldman Environmental Prize

Answer 38

Francisco Pineda

Question 39

The first Kenyan woman to earn a PhD, founded the Green Belt movement that has planted 30 million trees in that country. She received a Noble Piece Prize in 2004, the first environmental activist to receive that honor

Answer 39

Dr. Wangari Maathai

Question 40

The placement of east sites and other hazardous industries in towns and neighborhoods in which most of the residents are nonwhite. Wealthier, politically active white communities get more facility improvements

Answer 40

Environmental racism

Question 41

The accelerating interconnectedness of human economies, ideas, cultures

Answer 41

Globalization