Chapter 1; Themes of A&P Flashcards
(98 cards)
Anatomy is the science of
structure, things you can see
gross or microscopic
Physiology is the science of
function, how things work
The hierarchy of complexity, from simplest to most complex
Atoms, Molecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ systems, Organisms
Characteristics of life
organization, composition, metabolism, responsiveness, movement
Anabolism
the metabolic process that builds compounds
Catabolism
the metabolic process the breaks down compounds
Homeostasis
maintaining the internal environment within physiological limits
What happens if homeostasis is not maintained
death
negative feedback
stimulates a return to setpoint
positive feedback
amplifies the response
the receptor
monitors a controlled condition
the control center
determines the next actions after receiving the info.
the effector
receives direction and produces a response
most feedback systems in the body are
negative feedback systems
Radiography
AKA X-Rays
electromagnetic radiation penetrates soft tissue and darkens the film beneath the body
Computed tomography
AKA CT
formerly known as a CAT scan
3D image slices of the brain
low intensity x-rays
Positron emission tomography
AKA PET
assess the metabolic state of tissue using radioactively labeled glucose. positrons and electrons collide, which gives off gamma rays analyzed by the computer
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
AKA MRI
best for soft tissue
reads alignment of H atoms, magnetic field, and radio waves
Sonography
high frequency echo waves, ultrasound
Describe the standardized anatomical position
standing upright, feet shoulder width apart, palms turned upward, with arms at side
Prone
face down
Suppine
face up
Cephalic region
head
frontal, orbital, nasal, oral. mental
otic
occipital
Frontal region
forehead
