Chapter 10 & 11 Flashcards
1
Q
FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD
A
- Transport life-sustaining nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to body
- Transport waste products from cells of the body to prevent toxic buildup
- Help maintain stability of the fluid volume that exists within body tissues
- Help regulate body temperature
2
Q
vessels carrying blood AWAY from the heart
A
arteries
3
Q
small blood vessels where the oxygen goes into the cells and carbon dioxide is received from cells into the bloodstream
A
Capillaries
4
Q
vessels that carry blood back TO the heart
A
veins
5
Q
Agglutin/o
A
clumping
6
Q
Erythr/o
A
red
7
Q
Hemo, hemat/o
A
blood
8
Q
Leuk/o
A
white
9
Q
Thromb/o
A
clotting
10
Q
Main components of blood
A
platelets, RBCs and WBCs
11
Q
where platelets, RBCs and WBCs formed
A
bone marrow
12
Q
function of thrombocytes aka platelets
A
form clots
13
Q
Erythrocyte (RBCs) have hemoglobin to____
A
carry oxygen
14
Q
neutrophil, eisinophil, basophil, lymphocytes, monocytes are 5 types of what?
A
Leukocytes
15
Q
liquid part of blood
A
plasma
16
Q
What % water is in plasma?
A
92
17
Q
What contains clotting substances? (thrombin, fibrin, albumin, etc)
A
plasma
18
Q
What percent of blood is plasma?
A
52
19
Q
Erythro
A
red
20
Q
Leuko
A
white
21
Q
Thrombo
A
clot
22
Q
a cell that “eats” up something
A
Phagocyte or macrophage
23
Q
what digests/eats up bacteria in the body?
A
macrophage WBC
24
Q
poeisis
A
making
25
platelets are made in___
bone marrow
26
What are the 4 types of blood?
O, A, B, AB
27
the + or - refers to presence/absence of____ on the Red Blood cell surface
Rh antigen
28
Rh incompatibility between a mother and her baby in utero is called____
erythroblastosis fetalis
29
medicine that prevents blood from clotting
Anticoagulant
30
the process of forming a blood clot
Coagulation
31
something that stops bleeding
Hemostatic
32
medicine that breaks apart a clot that is already present
Thrombolytic
33
not enough RBCs to transport oxygen
Anemia
34
too many RBCs (abnormal increase in RBCs)
Polycythemia
35
disorder/cancer of WBCs–body makes too many immature WBCs that cannot do their job
Leukemia
36
cancer of bone marrow–bone marrow is where RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are formed. Cancer in bone marrow causes immature/nonfunctioning RBCs, WBCs, or platelets, or caues too few to be formed
Multiple myeloma
37
disease has disappeared for now/is being controlled is called _____ which is often caused by Chemotherapy
remission
38
___ means the disease has returned
relapse
39
complete blood count (lab test)- abbreviation
CBC
40
Most common blood test ordered
CBC
41
hemoglobin abbreviation
Hgb
42
Red blood cells abbreviation
RBC
43
White blood cells abbreviation
WBC
44
arteri/o, arter/o
artery
45
ather/o
fatty substance
46
sclerosis
hardening/narrowing
47
hardening of the fatty substance in the arteries, causing the lumen to be more narrow/not as wide.
atherosclerosis
48
hemangi/o
blood vessel
49
pericardi/o
pericardium
50
___ is the sac around the heart that contains a small amount of fluid
pericardium
51
thromb/o
blood clot
52
Angi/o
blood vessel
53
vas/o
blood vessel
54
Phleb/o
vein
55
taking blood from a vein
phlebotomy
56
Aort/o
aorta
57
Atr/io
atrium
58
top chamber of the heart
atriums
59
cardi/o
heart
60
condition of hardening).
sclerosis
61
Sphygmo
pulse
62
Sphygmomanomete
blood pressure cuff
63
Ventricu/lo
ventricles
64
What are the bottom chambers of the heart?
ventricles
65
how many chambers does the heart have?
4
66
How many valves does the heart have?
4
67
___valve separates right atria and right ventricle
Tricuspid
68
___valve separate left atria from left ventricle.
Mitral
69
___valve separates right ventricle from pulmonary arteries.
pulmonic
70
___valve separates left ventricle from aorta.
aortic
71
____ separates the atria & ventricles from each other (runs between right sided chambers of the heart and left sided chambers of the heart)
septum
72
muscular layer of the heart
Myocardium
73
___ SIDE OF HEART has DEOXYGENATED blood (soon travel to lungs to pick up oxygen)
right
74
____ SIDE OF HEART HAS OXYGENATED blood because it came from lungs
left
75
using a metal mesh device to hold the artery open after a coronary angioplasty opens it
stent
76
opening of the blocked coronary artery using a balloon on a catheter
Coronary angioplasty
77
open heart surgery to create a new passage for blood to “bypass” the blocked part of a a coronary artery
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
78
help regulate heart rate
Antiarrhythmics
79
relieves angina
Antianginal
80
medicine to dissolve/break up blood clots
Thrombolytic
81
something that makes you get rid of water via extra urination
Diuretic
82
extra water/swelling in the body
edema
83
a medicine that dilates a blood vessel
vaso-dilator
84
Injecting dye into the body so to see how it flows through the coronary arteries and look under xray to see if the coronary arteries are narrowed
Coronary angiogram
85
using sound waves to visualize blood flowing and valves of the heart
Echocardiogram
86
disease of the heart muscle
cardiomyopathy
87
heart attack. Occurs when 1 or more coronary arteries become narrowed/blocked and part of the heart muscle tissue (myocardium) dies or is injured because of lack of blood flow to the muscle
Myocardial infarction
88
disease of blood vessels of the heart (coronary arteries)
Cardiovascular disease
89
to widen the lumen of the blood vessel so more blood can flow through
dilate
90
to narrow the lumen of the blood vessel
constrict
91
chest pain caused by lack of oxygen/blood flow to the heart muscle via the coronary arteries
angina
92
artery that delivers blood to the heart muscle
Coronary artery
93
artery leading off aorta to the head and neck
Carotid artery
94
blood clot
thrombus
95
heart has abnormal rhythm
Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
96
heart beats too slow (under 60bpm)
Bradycardia
97
heart beats too fast (greater 100 bpm)
tachycardia
98
Normal heart electrical rhythm
SINUS rhythm
99
”bad” cholesterol that sticks to the vessels and can cause narrowing of blood vessels (atherosclerosis)
LDL
100
good cholesterol
HDL
101
checks your HDL, LDL, and triglycerides
lipid panel
102
DIASTOLE phase
relaxion
103
heart relaxes between beats is not pumping and the chambers are refilling with blood between contractions is called
diastole
104
When heart contracts and pushes blood out is called __
systole
105
Blood pressure reads as
systole/diastole EX (120mm/80mm)
106
measure of blood against the artery walls
blood pressure
107
Largest artery that carries oxygen-rich blood away from heart is
aorta
108
Largest vein that carries deoxygenated blood back to heart is
vena cava
109
is circulation of blood flow within the heart– blood flowing in small arteries on outside of heart muscle that feed the heart muscle so it can keep pumping
coronary circulation
110
blood flowing around in the body
systemic circulation
111
blood flowing between the lungs and the heart
pulmonary circulation
112
What is the name of the large vein that returns blood to the heart from the body?
VENA CAVA
113
Which chamber of the heart does blood enter after the VENA CAVA?
Right Atrium
114
What is the name of the valve that blood passes through from the Right Atrium to the Right Ventricle?
tricuspid valve
115
After the Right Ventricle, through which valve does blood flow?
pulmonic valve
116
What is the next step for blood after it passes through the PULMONIC VALVE?
pulmonary arteries to lungs
117
How does blood get from the lungs to the left atrium?
pulmonary vein
118
What valve does blood pass through from the left atrium to the left ventricle?
mitral
119
What chamber does blood enter after the left ventricle?
Aorta
120
Blood flows from the left ventricle through the _______ to the aorta.
AORTIC VALVE
121
What is the final destination of blood after it exits the aorta?
The body
