Chapter 6 & 7 Flashcards
1
Q
athr/o
A
joint
2
Q
brachi/o
A
arm
3
Q
burs/o
A
bursa
4
Q
cancane/o
A
heel
5
Q
carp/o
A
wrist
6
Q
cephal/o
A
head
7
Q
cervic/o
A
neck
8
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
9
Q
condyl/o
A
knob/knuckle
10
Q
cost/o
A
rib
11
Q
crani/o
A
skull
12
Q
dactyl/o
A
fingers, toes
13
Q
fasci/o
A
fascia
14
Q
femor/o
A
femur
15
Q
humer/o
A
humerous
16
Q
lumb/o
A
lumbar
17
Q
maxill/o
A
upper jaw
18
Q
metacarp/o
A
metacarpal
19
Q
my/o
A
muscle
20
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord/ bone marrow
21
Q
oste/o
A
bone
22
Q
patell/o
A
knee
23
Q
ped/o, pod/o
A
foot
24
Q
pelv/o
A
pelvis
25
phalang/o
finger/toe
26
pod/o
foot
27
rachi/o
spine
28
radi/o
forearm bone
29
scapul/o
scapula
30
scoli/o
curved
31
stern/o
sternum
32
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o,
tendon
33
thorac/o
thorax
34
tibi/o
tibia
35
uln/o
ulna
36
vertebr/o
vertebra
37
Cells of the bones
osteocytes
38
a soft substance that makes up the done, outer ears, and is present in fetanl development as a softer and flexible framework, until the hardening of the bones begins
cartilage
39
bone forming cells
osteoblasts
40
bone break down/reabsorbing cells
osteoclasts
41
What is needed for ossification
calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D
42
Form the legs and arms of the body
long bones
43
Diaphyses
central part of long bone
44
2 ends of the long bones, (proximal and distal)
epiphysis
45
connective tissue in long bones, produces blood cells, such as red blood cells
bone marrow
46
skull bone that protects brain
cranium
47
lower jawbone
mandible
48
What cavity are the ribs in
thoracic
49
how many total ribs?
12
50
How many true ribs?
7
51
How many false ribs?
5
52
Breast bone that directly connects true ribs
sternum
53
collarbone that connects spapula
clavicle
54
bone in outside upper back that connects to the clavicle to form the shoulder
scapula
55
How many sets of vertebrae?`
5
56
How many cervical vertebrae?
7
57
How many thoracic vertebrae?
12
58
How many lumbar vertebrae?
5
59
Curved bone at the bottom of the lower back (birth it is 5 separate bones)
sacrum
60
tailbone (4 vertebrae bones fused together)
coccyx
61
Humerus
upper arm bone
62
ulna & radius
bones that make up the forearm
63
Is ulna or radius on thumb side?
radius
64
8 bones of the wrist
carpals
65
5 bones of the palm
metacarpals
66
fingers or toes
phalanges
67
Largest bone in the body
femur
68
shin bone
tibia
69
smaller lower leg bone
fibula
70
knee bone
patella
71
large heel bone at the back of the food
calcaneus
72
7 bones that make up the moving heel joint
tarsals
73
mid foot bones
metatarsals
74
large bone made the illium, ischium, & pubis that form hips and support weight of the upper body
pelvic girdle
75
fibrous tissue the connects bones to bones
ligaments
76
fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bones
tendons
77
Muscle that contracts without moving
involuntary (smooth & cardiac)
78
muscle that contracts at will
skeletal
79
bend in a limb
flex
80
straightening of a limb
extension
81
circular movement
rotation
82
move away from the body
abduction
83
move towards the body
adduction
84
turn up
supination
85
turn down
pronation
86
bend up
dorsiflexation
87
bend down
plantar flexion
88
specializes in musculoskeletal system
orthopedist
89
specialized in joints
rheumatologist
90
treats disorders of the foot
podiatrist
91
manipulates spine to treat disorders
chiropractor
92
x-ray to look at joints
arthrogram
93
internal joint exam via incision
arthroscopy
94
myelogram
x-ray to look at spinal cord/ bone marrow
95
measures electrical activity of muscles
electromyogram
96
looks for tumors in bones
bone scan
97
used to measure degree of movement in joints
goniometer
98
medicine that relieves muscle stiffness
muscle relaxant
99
medicine that releases inflammation without steroid
NSAID
100
medicine to relieve pain
analgesic
101
medicine used to relieve severe pain
narcotic/opiod
102
Abbreviation for range of motion
ROM
103
Abbreviation for active range of motion
AROM
104
Abbreviation for passive range of motion
PROM
105
Abbreviation for above the knee amputee
AKA
106
Abbreviation for below the knee amputee
BKA
107
Dendrites bring messages__ the cell body
toward
108
Axons bring messages__ from the cell body
away
109
Cerebrell/o
cerebellum
110
cerebr/o
cerebrum
111
cephal/o
head
112
encephal/o
brain
113
mening/o, meningi/o
meninges
114
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
115
neur/o
nerve
116
spin/o
spine
117
ventricul/o
venticle
118
pain in an area
algia
119
surgical repair
plasty
120
surgical removal of
ectomy
121
cutting into
otomy
122
suture
rrhaphy
123
recording of
gram
124
recording instrument
graph
125
process of recording
graphy
126
fainting, related to oxygen loss to the brain
synscope
127
Clot that travels in the bloodstream to a place in the body and causes block of blood flow
embolus
128
difficulty speaking
dysphasia
129
cannot speak
aphasia
130
something you are born with
congenital
131
walk
gait
132
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
133
what 2 parts make up the CNS
Brain & spinal cord
134
What part of the nervous system receives impulses, processes info, responds
CNS
135
Most basic part of a nerve (nerve cell)
neuron
136
what are the 3 parts of the neuron
cell body, dendrites, & axons
137
what covers the axons
myelin sheath
138
spaces between dendrites and acons
synapses
139
thin membrane that covers brain and spinal cord
meninges
140
fluid that cushions the brain and spinal cord
Cerebral Spinal Fluid
141
4 open areas in the brain that also contain CSF
venticles
142
How much does a human brain weigh?
3 lbs
143
what percent water is the brain?
85%
144
how many neurons in the brain
100 billion
145
What part of the nervous system includes all nerves that are not part of the CNS
peripheral
146
Somatic and autonomic are the two parts of the what?
PNS
147
Sympathetic is
fight of flight
148
parasympathetic is
rest and digest
149
spaces where physical may inject medicine between the meninges and vertebrae
epidural space
150
Put needle into epidural space to test CSF
lumbar puncture
151
Cerebral vascular accident- sudden weakness in one side of the body cussing dysphasia
stroke
152
deterioration in memory capacity, neurons degenerate, amnesia, apraxia (cannot properlu use objects, agnosia (cant understand)
Dementia
153
inflammation of meninges
meningitis
154
injury to the brain from trauma
concussion
155
destruction of myelin of acon leading to muscle weakness and unsteady gait
Multiple Sclerosis
156
Seizure (extra electric activity in brain)
epilepsy
157
spina bifida
meninges poke outside
158
electroencephalogram abbreviation
EEG
159
transient ischemic attach (lack of oxygen) abbreviation
TIA
160
Cerebral vascular attack abbreviation
CVA
161
Central nervous system abbreviation
CNS
162
peripheral nervous system abbreviation
PNS
163
cerebral spinal fluid abbreviation
CSF
164
Level of consciousness abbreviation
LOC
