chapter 10

Question 1

what is a design confound

Answer 1

an experimenter’s mistake in designing the independent variable, it occurs when a second variable happens to vary systematically along with the intended independent variable

Question 2

when is a design confound problematic

Answer 2

if there is systematic variability

Question 3

when does a selection effect occur

Answer 3

when the type of participants in one level of the independent variable is systematically different than participants in another level of the independent variable
- can happen when they let pps choose which group they want to be in
- one type of person to one condition and another to another

Question 4

what is the posttest only design

Answer 4

• one of the simplest independent group designs
• pps are randomly assigned to independent variable groups and are tested on the dependent variable once

Question 5

what is a pretest/posttest design

Answer 5

• pps are randomly assigned to at least two groups and are tested on the key dependent variable twice - once before and once after exposure to the independent variable

Question 6

what is a concurrent measures design

Answer 6

pps are exposed to all levels of the IV at roughly the same time, and a single attitudinal or behavioural preference is the dependent variable

Question 7

what is a manipulation check

Answer 7

an extra dependent variable that researchers can insert into an experiment to convince them that their experimental manipulation worked