Chapter 10 Flashcards
(33 cards)
Attrition
The loss of participants from a study
Between-subject design
An experimental design in which subjects are exposed to only one experimental condition
Causal relationship
A relationship between variables in which changes in one variable demonstrably result in changes in another
Control
Experimental group that does not receive any experimental treatment in order to provide a baseline for measuring changes
Control groups
Experimental groups not exposed to any experimental variable
Covariance
A relationship between variables such that the values of one variable change as the values of another variable change
Dependent variable
A variable whose values change as a result of changes in another variable
Diffusion
The problem or a treatment effect spreading from group to group as people communicate
Ecological isomorphism
The extent to which an experimentel condition is similar to the real-world conditions it is attempting to simulate
Ex post facto design
An after the fact experimental design in which there is no control over experimental conditions
Experimental situation
The setting experimental subjects are placed in. This setting may be a threat to external validity if it does not reflect external reality
Experimenter bias
In experimental design, the problem of some kind of bias in an experimental group because of the way the researcher, has selected its members
Experiments
Research procedures carries out under controlled conditions and based on the technique of manipulating one or more variables in hopes of observing an effect
External validity
Validity as judged by relevant experts
Factorial designs
Experimental designs that manipulate two or more variables at a time
Field experiment
A less sophisticated level of experimental design, in which the effects of changes in one variable on another are observed under limited conditions of control
Hawthorne effect
The effect that researcher themselves may have on an experimental group
Independent variable
A variable whose changes in values result in changes in another variable
Internal validity
Related to experimental design. A study has internal validity when a cause-and-effect relationship between variables is clearly demonstrable and observed changes can be attributed to a defined causal variable and not to any other possible variables
Manipulation check
A check on whether the research participants interpreted the experimental conditions as the researcher intended
Maturation
The problem of individuals changing over time
Metadata
Information that helps locate or identify data
Multivariate analysis
Analysis that examine the relationship among three or more variables simultaneously
Paradata
Data about the conditions or processes related to research data collection
