Chapter 13

Question 1

Acts

Answer 1

The language and behaviours that convey meaning to the participants

Question 2

Analytic notes

Answer 2

Notes an etnographer writes as a way to make sense of or intepret the raw data or descriptive notes

Question 3

Asynchronous

Answer 3

Occurring at different times or uncoordinated

Question 4

Avatars

Answer 4

Graphical representations of one or more computer users

Question 5

CAQ DAS

Answer 5

Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software

Question 6

Categorization

Answer 6

The process of identifying an item of data as beloning to a category predetermined by the researcher of generated from the information provided by informants

Question 7

Communicative act

Answer 7

The smaller units of speech within a speech event

Question 8

Communicative style

Answer 8

The speech style that is characteristic of someone

Question 9

Contrast questions

Answer 9

Questions that ask respondents to explain the difference between two or more things or concepts

Question 10

Descriptive notes

Answer 10

The primary, detailed records of the human interactions, language and settings that are the focus of an ethnography

Question 11

Descriptive questions

Answer 11

Questions that ask informants to describe a phenomenon

Question 12

Emoticons

Answer 12

Typographic representations of emotional states or moods

Question 13

Ends

Answer 13

The goals of communication being studied

Question 14

Etnography

Answer 14

The study of human social behaviour, typically with an emphasis on description

Question 15

Facilitator/moderator

Answer 15

The leader of a focus group who is responsible for running the group’s discussion and ensuring that it keeps on topic

Question 16

Fixed coding

Answer 16

Assigning units of information to preassigned categories

Question 17

Flexible coding

Answer 17

Coding that allows new categories or data to emerge rather than using only preconceived categories

Question 18

Focus group

Answer 18

Small group of people brought together to discuss a topic of interest to the researcher

Question 19

Fully structured interviews

Answer 19

Interviews in which the researcher has determined what questions are important, the order in which they will be asked and how they will be structured

Question 20

Gatekeepers

Answer 20

Those who control access to research participants or the publication of research results

Question 21

Genres

Answer 21

The traditional types of speech found in most cultures

Question 22

Grounded theory

Answer 22

A research approach that argues that theories should emerge from data analysis, not prior to data analysis

Question 23

Heurism

Answer 23

Knowledge gained from particial experience and empirical research

Question 24

Informants

Answer 24

Interviewees considered capable of speaking on behalf or or about others

Question 25

Instrumentality

Answer 25

The channels or methods used to communicate

Question 26

Interpretive

Answer 26

A descriptor used to indicate a perspective or research approach that seeks to understand how humans interpret or make sense of events in their lives

Question 27

Interviewees

Answer 27

Individuals who are interviewed

Question 28

Interview

Answer 28

The process of asking questions of a respondent, usually face to face or by phone or video, to elicit information the researcher is interested in

Question 29

Key

Answer 29

The tone of speech or how the speech sounds

Question 30

Key informants

Answer 30

The individuals who are part of a community being studied and who can introduce the reseacher and legitimize the researcher's work to their community

Question 31

Method notes

Answer 31

Records of the specific methods researchers use to gather data

Question 32

Netnography

Answer 32

A specialized form of ethnography adapted to computer-mediated social worlds

Question 33

Norms

Answer 33

The rules of govering speech and its interpretation

Question 34

Observational studies

Answer 34

Studies based on the observation of behaviours

Question 35

Participants

Answer 35

Individuals who have volunteered to be in a research project

Question 36

Performance studies

Answer 36

Study of perfomance in situational or ritual contexts

Question 37

Prompts

Answer 37

Questions that spark a response or further information from an interviewee

Question 38

Qualitative

Answer 38

A research approach based on the use of language rather than numbers to understand and report human behaviour

Question 39

Quantitative

Answer 39

A research approach based on measurement, counting and statistical analysis

Question 40

Respondents

Answer 40

Interviewees or participants considered capable of speaking only on behalf of themselves

Question 41

Semistructured interviews

Answer 41

A set of interview questions that are largely predetermined but allow room for interviewees to add their own insights and views

Question 42

Sequence

Answer 42

The order in which questions are asked

Question 43

Situation

Answer 43

The setting where the activities take place and the overall scene of which they are a part

Question 44

Speech community

Answer 44

A group of people who share a common language that differentiates them from other groups

Question 45

Speech event

Answer 45

A specific speech activity

Question 46

Speech situation

Answer 46

The overall scene of which activities are a part

Question 47

Structural questions

Answer 47

Questions that ask interviewees to explain the relationships among different terms

Question 48

Structure

Answer 48

The extent to which an interview has a format

Question 49

Synchronous

Answer 49

Coordinated communication

Question 50

Unstructured interviews

Answer 50

Interviews with broad questions and a loose schedule of questions that interviewees have the freedom to volunteer information and to explain their responses

Question 51

Ways of speaking

Answer 51

The styles of speech that are characteristic of a culture or group