chapter 10 Flashcards
1
Q
concussion
A
A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain that may result in a temporary loss of awareness and function.
2
Q
anesthetist
A
A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician.
3
Q
epidural anesthesia
A
Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine
4
Q
Inflammation of the spinal cord; also inflammation of bone marrow.
A
myelitis
5
Q
A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
A
hydrocephalus
6
Q
hyperesthesia
A
A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.
7
Q
myelitis
A
Inflammation of the spinal cord; also inflammation of bone marrow.
8
Q
An acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations
A
delirium
9
Q
hemorrhagic stroke
A
Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed.
10
Q
hydrocephalus
A
A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
11
Q
anorexia nervosa
A
A false perception of body appearance which leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and inability to maintain a healthy body weight.
12
Q
ischemic stroke
A
A type of stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery
13
Q
A chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait caused by inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain
A
parkinson’s disease
14
Q
shaken baby syndrome
A
The results when a child has been violently shaken by someone
15
Q
factitious disorder
A
A condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.
16
Q
syncope
A
The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting
17
Q
claustrophobia
A
An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.
18
Q
reye’s syndrome
A
A potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion
19
Q
Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed.
A
hemorrhagic stroke
20
Q
meningocele
A
The congenital herniation of the meninges that surround the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skull or spinal column
21
Q
A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain that may result in a temporary loss of awareness and function.
A
concussion
22
Q
A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath, resulting in scarring of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.
A
multiple sclerosis
23
Q
Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face.
A
bell’s palsy
24
Q
obsessive compulsive disorder
A
An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent thoughts or impulses that are repetitive, intrusive, and distressing.
25
A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities--including memory, thinking, and judgment--that is often accompanied by personality changes
dementia
26
Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted; also known as a stroke
cerebrovascular accident
27
A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body
paresthesia
28
Bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.
cerebral contusion
29
Alzheimer's disease
A group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language
30
cerebrovascular accident
Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted; also known as a stroke
31
autism
A subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders. Children with autism have significant developmental delays, including speech and language, with most having very minimal verbal skills and lacking normal social relationships.
32
bell's palsy
Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face.
33
dyslexia
A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder.
34
A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder.
dyslexia
35
narcolepsy
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
36
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
narcolepsy
37
A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles, resulting in complete paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.
amyotrphic lateral disorder
38
lethargy
A lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy
39
anesthetic
Medication used to induce anesthesia.
40
panic attack
An unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, and/or choking sensations
41
A condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.
factitious disorder
42
A disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord, producing pain, the loss of sensation, and the inability to control muscles
peripheral neuropathy
43
carotid ultrasonography
An ultrasound study of the carotid artery to detect plaque buildup in the artery to predict or diagnose an ischemic stroke.
44
coma
A deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movement, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.
45
A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture
myelography
46
The mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory
cognition
47
delusion
A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
48
A group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language
Alzheimer's disease
49
A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician.
anesthetist
50
A psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.
schizophrenia
51
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
neurotransmitters
52
A type of stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery
ischemic stroke
53
causalgia
Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.
54
post traumatic stress disorder
A disorder that may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror with symptoms including emotional numbing, hyperarousal, anxiety, sleep disorders, and persistent reliving of the event.
55
An ultrasound study of the carotid artery to detect plaque buildup in the artery to predict or diagnose an ischemic stroke.
carotid ultrasonography
56
An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.
claustrophobia
57
dura mater
The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.
58
cerebral contusion
Bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.
59
migraine headache
A headache that is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head and is sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound
60
sciatica
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
61
echoencephalography
The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes
62
A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies
cerebral palsy
63
dementia
A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities--including memory, thinking, and judgment--that is often accompanied by personality changes
64
A sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation
hallucination
65
A subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders. Children with autism have significant developmental delays, including speech and language, with most having very minimal verbal skills and lacking normal social relationships.
autism
66
A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.
hyperesthesia
67
The congenital herniation of the meninges that surround the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skull or spinal column
meningocele
68
cognition
The mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory
69
A disorder that may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror with symptoms including emotional numbing, hyperarousal, anxiety, sleep disorders, and persistent reliving of the event.
post traumatic stress disorder
70
Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.
causalgia
71
meningitis
Inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord
72
A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time
seizure
73
encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain
74
myelography
A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture
75
cranial hematoma
A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.
76
Medication used to induce anesthesia.
anesthetic
77
cerebral palsy
A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies
78
cervical radiculopathy
Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region
79
guillian barre syndrome
Inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis; also known as infectious polyneuritis.
80
An excessive fear of heights
acrophobia
81
The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.
dura mater
82
Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region
cervical radiculopathy
83
An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent thoughts or impulses that are repetitive, intrusive, and distressing.
obsessive compulsive disorder
84
parkinson's disease
A chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait caused by inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain
85
delirium
An acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations
86
A condition characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
trigeminal neuralgia
87
A deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movement, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.
coma
88
Inflammation of the brain
encephalitis
89
A headache that is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head and is sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound
migraine headache
90
A false perception of body appearance which leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and inability to maintain a healthy body weight.
anorexia nervosa
91
epilepsy
A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.
92
The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes
echoencephalography
93
The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting
syncope
94
peripheral neuropathy
A disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord, producing pain, the loss of sensation, and the inability to control muscles
95
A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.
cranial hematoma
96
delirium tremens
A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.
97
An unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, and/or choking sensations
panic attack
98
A potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion
reye's syndrome
99
A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.
delirium tremens
100
Inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord
meningitis
101
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
sciatica
102
multiple sclerosis
A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath, resulting in scarring of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.
103
acrophobia
An excessive fear of heights
104
Inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis; also known as infectious polyneuritis.
guillian barre syndrome
105
A lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy
lethargy
106
seizure
A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time
107
The results when a child has been violently shaken by someone
shaken baby syndrome
108
paresthesia
A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body
109
A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.
epilepsy
110
amyotrphic lateral disorder
A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles, resulting in complete paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.
111
A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
delusion
112
neurotransmitters
A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day
113
Regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine
epidural anesthesia
114
schizophrenia
A psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances.
115
trigeminal neuralgia
A condition characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
116
hallucination
A sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation
