chapter 4 Flashcards
1
Q
dorsiflexion
A
Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.
2
Q
The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.
A
ataxia
3
Q
tenorrhaphy
A
The surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon
4
Q
The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply
A
paralysis
5
Q
A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.
A
adhesion
6
Q
A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.
A
myofascial release
7
Q
A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
A
sphincter
8
Q
sarcopenia
A
The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging.
9
Q
The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it
A
hernia
10
Q
myoparesis
A
Weakness or slight muscular paralysis
11
Q
Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then create pressure on the median nerve
A
carpal tunnel syndrome
12
Q
The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.
A
pronation
13
Q
hyperkinesia
A
Abnormally increased motor function or activity
14
Q
Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body
A
hemiparesis
15
Q
oblique
A
Slanted or at an angle
16
Q
myocele
A
The herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
17
Q
Paralysis of all four extremities.
A
quadriplegia
18
Q
tenosynovitis
A
An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon
19
Q
A surgical incision into a tendon
A
tenotomy
20
Q
A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.
A
dystonia
21
Q
An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon
A
tenosynovitis
22
Q
An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn.
A
sprain
23
Q
carpal tunnel syndrome
A
Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then create pressure on the median nerve
24
Q
A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.
A
myasthenia gravis
25
shin splint
A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia
26
impingement syndrome
Inflammed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.
27
Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle
neuromuscular
28
myofascial release
A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.
29
The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging.
sarcopenia
30
intermittent claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.
31
origin
The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton
32
hypotonia
A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles
33
electromyography
A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation
34
polymyositis
A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body
35
quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities.
36
Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.
dorsiflexion
37
chronic fatigue syndrome
A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity
38
In a crosswise direction.
transverse
39
myolysis
The degeneration of muscle tissue
40
Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
epicondylitis
41
A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation
electromyography
42
atonic
Lacking normal muscle tone or strength
43
myoclonus
The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
44
tenodesis
The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
45
The degeneration of muscle tissue
myolysis
46
plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running
47
hemiparesis
Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body
48
neuromuscular
Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle
49
The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton
origin
50
The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues
contracture
51
A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone
heel spur
52
torticollis
A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side
53
paralysis
The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply
54
hemiplagia
Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.
55
tenotomy
A surgical incision into a tendon
56
dyskinesia
Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions
57
insertion
The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.
58
contracture
The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues
59
The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
myoclonus
60
ataxia
The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.
61
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.
intermittent claudication
62
sphincter
A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
63
ergonomics
The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment
64
pronation
The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.
65
bradykinesia
Extreme slowness in movement
66
fasciitis
Inflammation of a fascia.
67
The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment
ergonomics
68
The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.
insertion
69
heel spur
A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone
70
circumduction
The circular movement at the far end of a limb.
71
Inflammation of a fascia.
fasciitis
72
sprain
An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn.
73
abduction
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
74
muscular dystrophy
A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system
75
Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures
atrophy
76
exercise physiologist
A specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness
77
myasthenia gravis
A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.
78
paraplegia
Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.
79
A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms
fibromyalgia
80
A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity
chronic fatigue syndrome
81
Weakness or slight muscular paralysis
myoparesis
82
dystonia
A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.
83
The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
tenodesis
84
Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm
singultus
85
Slanted or at an angle
oblique
86
fibromyalgia
A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms
87
Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.
hemiplagia
88
ganglioncyst
A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist
89
The surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon
tenorrhaphy
90
epicondylitis
Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
91
A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist
ganglioncyst
92
adhesion
A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.
93
Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.
adduction
94
Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.
paraplegia
95
adduction
Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.
96
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running
plantar fasciitis
97
Abnormally increased motor function or activity
hyperkinesia
98
physiatrist
A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.
99
transverse
In a crosswise direction.
100
A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles
hypotonia
101
The release of a tendon from adhesions
tenolysis
102
A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side
torticollis
103
Inflammed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.
impingement syndrome
104
Surgical suturing of a muscle
myorrhaphy
105
tenolysis
The release of a tendon from adhesions
106
Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions
dyskinesia
107
A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system
muscular dystrophy
108
atrophy
Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures
109
Extreme slowness in movement
bradykinesia
110
The circular movement at the far end of a limb.
circumduction
111
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
abduction
112
hernia
The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it
113
myorrhaphy
Surgical suturing of a muscle
114
A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body
polymyositis
115
A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia
shin splint
116
A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.
physiatrist
117
singultus
Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm
118
A specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness
exercise physiologist
119
Lacking normal muscle tone or strength
atonic
120
The herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
myocele
