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EFP > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

(43 cards)

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1
Q

Photons

A

particles of light

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2
Q

Visible Light

A

Visible Light-all wavelengths in 400-700 nm range

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3
Q

Primary Additive Colors

A

Primary Additive Colors-Red, blue, green

- Combinations of these colors will create all other visible colors
- Combination of equal amounts = white light
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4
Q

Subtractive Primary Colors

A

Subtractive Primary Colors-Magenta, Cyan, Yellow

-Combinations of equal amounts = black

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5
Q

Color Temp

A

Color Temperature-defined by Lord Kelvin

- High frequencies (High Temperatures)-Blue (9000 degrees Kelvin)
- Lower Frequencies (Lower Temperatures)-Red (2000 degrees Kelvin)
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6
Q

Angle of Incidence

A

Incoming Light

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7
Q

Angle of Reflection

A

Outgoing Light

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8
Q

Depth

A

determined by shadows

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9
Q

Hard Light

A

Dark defined shadows

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10
Q

Soft Light

A

Ligher less defined shadows

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11
Q

Inverse Square LAw

A

Amount of Light diminishes by a factor equal to the inverse square of the distance change
-Distance between a light and the subject is doubled resulting in the light on the subject being ¼ of the original amount

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12
Q

Foot Candles

A

Amount of light given off by a candle one foot away

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13
Q

The Sun

A

The Sun-cheapest, most readily available source of light

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14
Q

Incandescent Lights

A

Incandescent Lights-artificial lights usually made of tungsten, bulbs vary in color temperature based on company producing them

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15
Q

Tungsten Lights

A

Tungsten Lights-most commonly used, 3200 degrees Kelvin

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16
Q

Rules for changing light bulbs

A

Rule with Changing Bulbs for Lamps-do not touch bulb with fingers, replace bulbs with equal wattage replacements and never higher, and be cautious of lamp heat

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17
Q

Fluorescents

A

Fluorescents-Electrify metal vapor inside a glass tube around 4200 degrees Kelvin

- often have a spike of green
- Color correction fluorescents available
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18
Q

LED

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A

Light Emitting Diodes

-do not create a lot of heat but expensive

19
Q

HID

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A

HID-High Intensity Discharge

- Produces light through vapor or gas pressure in a glass globe
- Mercury Vapor, Metal Halide, or Sodium Vapor
- Daylight color temperature, similar to HMI
20
Q

HMI

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A

HMI-Hydragyum Medium Arc-Length Iodide

- Mercury arc between two tungsten electrodes sealed in a glass bulb or globe
- Daylight temperature
- Temperature decreases with age
- Requires a large amount of power
21
Q

Advantages of using Artificial Lights

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A

control the light, make it look like whatever time of day that you want

22
Q

Disadvantages of using Artificial Lights

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A

Disadvantages of Using Artificial Light-looks fake, can be expensive

23
Q

Light Housing

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A

Light Housings-primary control over how the light reaches the subject or scene

- direct, focus, or limit light
- flood, spot
24
Q

Light Mount Gaffer grip

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A

Light Mount-Gaffer grip-attach small lights to sturdy stands, objects
-Grip arm-metal rod attaching to a stand by a grip head to hold light modifiers

25
Light Modulators
Light Modulators-Barn doors, snoot, gobos, black wrap
26
Shaping the Quantity
Shaping the Quantity of light-dimmers, scrim, screens, ND filters
27
Shaping the Quality
Shaping the Quality of light-umbrella light-underside of the umbrella reflects light onto the subject - soft boxes-diffusion material to soften and increase the size of the source - silks-passes light at known rate - Reflectors, white cards, walls, and ceilings
28
Ohms Law
Ohms Law-states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points. - Watts = Volts x Amps - Amps = Watts/Volts
29
Base Lighting
Base Lighting-quantity of light that is large enough to enable the camera to function properly -Minimum light for shooting
30
Exposure
Exposure-the amount of light that falls on a certain area - Overexposure can cause zebra stripes - Avoid using a high gain, it adds noise, reduces quality of the picture
31
Contrast Ratio
Contrast Ratio-Ratio of brightest areas of the scene to the darkest areas - video cameras cover 20 to 1 ratio - Film covers 200 to1 - human eyes cover 1000 to 1 - home tv sets are 10 to 1 because of room light - the closer the brightest and darkest areas are, the tougher it is to determine the exposure
32
Chiaroscuro Lighting
Chiaoscuro Lighting-sources of light that only illuminate selected parts of the scene -light comes from a naturally occurring source
33
Rembrandt
Rembrandt-chiaroscuro lighting - source and intensity of light - shadow direction and fall-off - object texture - convey both high and low emotional intensity - Uses Zone lighting
34
Zone Light
Zone Light- selectively lights only certain areas of the pictures divided into zones: foreground, midground, background
35
Three Point Lighting
Three Point Lighting-key light- places first, brightest and most directional - 10 to 90 degrees off the camera - produces strong shadow called the draw, modeling effect - Fill Light-10 to 45 degrees away from the camera opposite the key light - half as bright as key - Backlight-separate subject from the background, opposite the key light above subject at 45 degree angle
36
Additional Lights
Additional Lights-background light: locate subject on the set, illuminate part of the background to show its characteristics relative to the subject - Kicker Light-highlight subject’s hair or face - eye light - obie light: named after Merle Oberon(minimize wrinkles)
37
Using Natural Light
Using Natural Light-time of day matters - gold for morning - Orange for evening - size of shadows: long for morning, evening
38
Source Lighting
Source Lighting-scene looks as if it is only lit by natural light sources
39
Sungon
Sungun-diffusion to minimize harshness
40
High Key Lighting
High key Lighting-bright with low contrast ratio
41
Low Key lighting
Low Key Lighting-dark with little amount of fill light
42
Mood Lighting
Mood Lighting-mood of the scene dictates the lighting
43
Directing the viewer with lighting
Directing the Viewer with Lighting-shows the viewer what’s important -selected areas of lighting

EFP (3 decks)

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